孔子是中国历史上最重要的人吗？如果不，谁才是最重要的？
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Matthew Haywood
Let’s narrow this down to the most important person in Chinese ‘intellectual’ history. Although Confucius is often seen as the philosophical father of China, I really think it was his followers who helped to take the unorganized set of quotations attributed to him and formulate it into a workable philosophical-religious theory. The people we have to consider here are Mencius, Xunzi in the Warring States period, and Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming in the Song-Ming dynasties. It should also be noted that Confucianism as it existed in political structure was mixed with Legalism, so Han Fei can be considered equally important. As many have pointed out, Shi Huangdi may well be the most important emperor, and he based his rule off of Legalism, so Han Fei is very significant.All of these people are very important. It’s a bit like trying to decide who was most important out of Thomas Aquinas, Kant, Hume or Nietzsche. All have strong claims, and to try to single one out is more for fun than anything. So for the sake of fun then, I’m going to be bold and proclaim Mencius as the most important person in Chinese intellectual history.
让我们把范围缩小到中国思想史上最重要的人物。 虽然孔子经常被视为中国的哲学之父，但我真心认为是他的追随者们帮助他，把一套无组织的语录，整理成一套可行的哲学-宗教理论。 这里我们要考虑的人是战国时期的孟子，荀子，宋明时期的朱熹，王阳明。 还应注意到，在政治结构中的儒家思想与法家思想是混合在一起的，所以韩非也可以被认为同等重要的。 正如许多人指出的那样，秦始皇可能是最重要的皇帝，他的统治是以法家为基础的，所以韩非是非常重要的，这些人都是非常重要的。 这有点像西方试图从托马斯·阿奎那，康德，休谟和尼采中，决定谁是最重要的。这些人都有强大的贡献，试着挑出其中一个最重要的人单纯是为了好玩。 所以既然是为了好玩，我要大胆地宣布孟子是中国思想史上最重要的人物。
Let’s narrow this down to the most important person in Chinese ‘intellectual’ history. Although Confucius is often seen as the philosophical father of China, I really think it was his followers who helped to take the unorganized set of quotations attributed to him and formulate it into a workable philosophical-religious theory. The people we have to consider here are Mencius, Xunzi in the Warring States period, and Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming in the Song-Ming dynasties. It should also be noted that Confucianism as it existed in political structure was mixed with Legalism, so Han Fei can be considered equally important. As many have pointed out, Shi Huangdi may well be the most important emperor, and he based his rule off of Legalism, so Han Fei is very significant.All of these people are very important. It’s a bit like trying to decide who was most important out of Thomas Aquinas, Kant, Hume or Nietzsche. All have strong claims, and to try to single one out is more for fun than anything. So for the sake of fun then, I’m going to be bold and proclaim Mencius as the most important person in Chinese intellectual history.
让我们把范围缩小到中国思想史上最重要的人物。 虽然孔子经常被视为中国的哲学之父，但我真心认为是他的追随者们帮助他，把一套无组织的语录，整理成一套可行的哲学-宗教理论。 这里我们要考虑的人是战国时期的孟子，荀子，宋明时期的朱熹，王阳明。 还应注意到，在政治结构中的儒家思想与法家思想是混合在一起的，所以韩非也可以被认为同等重要的。 正如许多人指出的那样，秦始皇可能是最重要的皇帝，他的统治是以法家为基础的，所以韩非是非常重要的，这些人都是非常重要的。 这有点像西方试图从托马斯·阿奎那，康德，休谟和尼采中，决定谁是最重要的。这些人都有强大的贡献，试着挑出其中一个最重要的人单纯是为了好玩。 所以既然是为了好玩，我要大胆地宣布孟子是中国思想史上最重要的人物。
I think he’s the most important for the following reasons:His was the first significant attempt to make Confucianism into a workable philosophical and religious system.This included concepts such as the Five Relationships, (Ruler → subjects, Older sibling → younger sibling, Husband → wife etc.). This idea is so pervasive that people think Confucius said it, but it’s actually Mencius’s idea.
His philosophy works clearly on all levels - he successfully lixs individual cultivation to societal order to Heaven and the cosmos in a way I think Confucius was unclear about and Xunzi failed to do so as clearly.His proclamation that human moral nature is essentially good gave China an optimistic and life-affirming worldview and legacy and forces us to question what is it in our societies that make people turn away from this goodness.Although he was just part of history for a long time, the next most significant Confucians Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming built practically all of their ideas off of Mencius - the brilliance of their ideas is because of the clarity of their fore-bearer.From an essentialist perspective, his worldview is probably the best at keeping out Legalism which I see as the true antithesis of Confucianism. Sure, Mencius got mixed with Buddhism and Daoism by the Neo-Confucianists, but these worldviews can compliment each other. Legalism is more destructive to Confucianism in my opinion, and Mencius’s ideas helped scholars keep it at arm’s length.So now let’s be cheesy and end with a quote from the master himself:“Mencius said: By fully developing one’s mind, one knows one’s nature. Knowing one’s nature, one knows Heaven. It is through preserving one’s mind and nourishing one’s nature that one may serve Heaven. It is through cultivating one’s self in an attitude of expectancy, allowing neither the brevi- ty nor the length of one’s life span to cause any ambivalence, that one is able to establish one’s destiny.”
我认为他是最重要的人物，原因如下:他第一次完成了将儒学变成一个可行的哲学和宗教体系的重大尝试，其中包括诸如五种关系（君臣，兄妹，夫妻，父子等概念）。 这种思想无孔不入，人们以为孔子说过这些话，其实这是孟子的思想。 他的哲学在各个层面都很清晰--他成功地将个人修养与社会秩序，天道和宇宙联系在一起，我认为孔子不清楚这个关系，荀子也没能做到这一点。他宣称人的道德本质上是善的，这给中国带来了一种乐观的，肯定生命的世界观和遗产，迫使我们质疑，在我们的社会中，是什么让人们背离了这种善。虽然他在很长一段时间里只是历史的一部分，但第二重要的儒家朱熹和王阳明几乎所有的思想，都是建立在孟子的基础上的--他们思想的光辉是因为他们的先驱者的清晰。从本质主义的角度来看，他的世界观可能是最能阻挡法家的，我认为法家是儒家的真正对立面。 诚然，孟子被理学家融合了佛教和道教的思想，但这些世界观可以相互补充。 在我看来，法家对儒学的破坏性更大，而孟子的思想帮助学者们保持了对法家的距离，所以现在让我们用一句大师自己的名言来结束:孟子说: “尽其心知其性,知其性,知天矣。”。 养心养性，才能为天服务。 以期待的态度修炼自己，不因生命的长短产生任何矛盾，才能决定自己的命运。
His philosophy works clearly on all levels - he successfully lixs individual cultivation to societal order to Heaven and the cosmos in a way I think Confucius was unclear about and Xunzi failed to do so as clearly.His proclamation that human moral nature is essentially good gave China an optimistic and life-affirming worldview and legacy and forces us to question what is it in our societies that make people turn away from this goodness.Although he was just part of history for a long time, the next most significant Confucians Zhu Xi and Wang Yangming built practically all of their ideas off of Mencius - the brilliance of their ideas is because of the clarity of their fore-bearer.From an essentialist perspective, his worldview is probably the best at keeping out Legalism which I see as the true antithesis of Confucianism. Sure, Mencius got mixed with Buddhism and Daoism by the Neo-Confucianists, but these worldviews can compliment each other. Legalism is more destructive to Confucianism in my opinion, and Mencius’s ideas helped scholars keep it at arm’s length.So now let’s be cheesy and end with a quote from the master himself:“Mencius said: By fully developing one’s mind, one knows one’s nature. Knowing one’s nature, one knows Heaven. It is through preserving one’s mind and nourishing one’s nature that one may serve Heaven. It is through cultivating one’s self in an attitude of expectancy, allowing neither the brevi- ty nor the length of one’s life span to cause any ambivalence, that one is able to establish one’s destiny.”
我认为他是最重要的人物，原因如下:他第一次完成了将儒学变成一个可行的哲学和宗教体系的重大尝试，其中包括诸如五种关系（君臣，兄妹，夫妻，父子等概念）。 这种思想无孔不入，人们以为孔子说过这些话，其实这是孟子的思想。 他的哲学在各个层面都很清晰--他成功地将个人修养与社会秩序，天道和宇宙联系在一起，我认为孔子不清楚这个关系，荀子也没能做到这一点。他宣称人的道德本质上是善的，这给中国带来了一种乐观的，肯定生命的世界观和遗产，迫使我们质疑，在我们的社会中，是什么让人们背离了这种善。虽然他在很长一段时间里只是历史的一部分，但第二重要的儒家朱熹和王阳明几乎所有的思想，都是建立在孟子的基础上的--他们思想的光辉是因为他们的先驱者的清晰。从本质主义的角度来看，他的世界观可能是最能阻挡法家的，我认为法家是儒家的真正对立面。 诚然，孟子被理学家融合了佛教和道教的思想，但这些世界观可以相互补充。 在我看来，法家对儒学的破坏性更大，而孟子的思想帮助学者们保持了对法家的距离，所以现在让我们用一句大师自己的名言来结束:孟子说: “尽其心知其性,知其性,知天矣。”。 养心养性，才能为天服务。 以期待的态度修炼自己，不因生命的长短产生任何矛盾，才能决定自己的命运。
Lim
Confucius himself said that he just learned from the past wisdom of others.
Confucius visited Lao Zi and learned from him too.
All of them learn from the Book of I-Ching 易经 which were written, compiled and improved upon by ancient Chinese wise men through thousands of years that preceded Confucius and Lao Zi. Confucius wrote commentaries to explain I-Ching such as 易传 and 十翼.
Confucius himself said that he just learned from the past wisdom of others.
Confucius visited Lao Zi and learned from him too.
All of them learn from the Book of I-Ching 易经 which were written, compiled and improved upon by ancient Chinese wise men through thousands of years that preceded Confucius and Lao Zi. Confucius wrote commentaries to explain I-Ching such as 易传 and 十翼.
Confucius School of philosophy probably has the greatest influence through the history of China and also of Korea and Japan and the Overseas Chinese spread throughout the world.However, his teaching is not always accepted.The Qin that united China after the Warring States practices the Legal School of Philosophies and bury and burn the books of Confucius School.
The subsequent Han dynasty began with following the teaching of Lao Zi and Confucius teaching were adopted later.In recent years, during the Cultural Revolution, Confucius teaching was again rejected. However, now under X, he is promoting the values of Ancient Chinese Philosophies, especially of Confucius School, again.So, we can say that Confucius and his School of philosophy, is one of the most important influence of the Chinese Cultures. Actually, scholars usually will say there are three major influences, namely, 儒释道。
孔子自己说，他只是吸取了别人过去的智慧。 孔子拜访老子，并向他学习。 他们都学习《易经》，而《易经》是先于孔子和老子几千年前的中国古代智者们编写，编纂和改进的。 孔子写过《易经》的注释，如《易传》和《十翼》。 孔子哲学在中国历史上影响最大，在朝鲜，日本历史上影响也很大，在世界各地的华侨中也是如此，但他的学说并不总是被接受的，战国后统一中国的秦国实行法学，并将孔子的书掩埋焚毁。 其后汉代开始沿用老子之道，孔子学说在后来才被采用，近来WG期间，孔子学说又被否定。 然而在当代，中国又开始宣扬中国古代哲学，特别是孔子学派的价值观念，可以说孔子及其学派是中国文化的重要影响之一。 实际上，学者们通常会说中国文化受三个主要思想影响，即儒释道。
The subsequent Han dynasty began with following the teaching of Lao Zi and Confucius teaching were adopted later.In recent years, during the Cultural Revolution, Confucius teaching was again rejected. However, now under X, he is promoting the values of Ancient Chinese Philosophies, especially of Confucius School, again.So, we can say that Confucius and his School of philosophy, is one of the most important influence of the Chinese Cultures. Actually, scholars usually will say there are three major influences, namely, 儒释道。
孔子自己说，他只是吸取了别人过去的智慧。 孔子拜访老子，并向他学习。 他们都学习《易经》，而《易经》是先于孔子和老子几千年前的中国古代智者们编写，编纂和改进的。 孔子写过《易经》的注释，如《易传》和《十翼》。 孔子哲学在中国历史上影响最大，在朝鲜，日本历史上影响也很大，在世界各地的华侨中也是如此，但他的学说并不总是被接受的，战国后统一中国的秦国实行法学，并将孔子的书掩埋焚毁。 其后汉代开始沿用老子之道，孔子学说在后来才被采用，近来WG期间，孔子学说又被否定。 然而在当代，中国又开始宣扬中国古代哲学，特别是孔子学派的价值观念，可以说孔子及其学派是中国文化的重要影响之一。 实际上，学者们通常会说中国文化受三个主要思想影响，即儒释道。
Yunxue
No, Qin Shi Huang is.
Confucius may be the most famous one but not the most important. His theory was not accept in his time which made him leave his home land and wandered for 13 years found no one would like to use him.Yes, later in Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu Di of the Han dynasty took the suggestion of DONG Zhushu of “Only revering Confucian”. However, it was experienced a lot of revision to make it a useful tool for emperor’s ruling people.Thus, a lot of researches claimed that China, from ancient to now, is a country managed by ideology of legalism and decorated with Confucian ideology.
On Qin Shi Huang part, it is not because that he is the first emperor but he
Unified written words
Unified currency
Unified weights and measurement
Unified model of carriage and road
What more important, though Confucius said the phrase of “The world will be blessed with harmony and unity”, it was through Qin Shi Huang’s policies which really install such idea that China shall be a united country with centralized government to every Chinese people’s mind.
不，秦始皇才是。 孔子可能是最有名的人，但不是最重要的人。 他的理论在当时不被接受，这使他离开故土，在外漂泊了13年，最终发现没有人愿意使用他的思想。是的，汉朝后来的汉武帝采纳了董仲舒的“独尊儒术”建议。 因此，许多研究认为，中国从古至今都是一个以法家思想为统领，以儒家思想为装饰的国家。秦始皇是中国历史上最重要的人，并不是因为他是第一个皇帝，而是因为他是第一个统一文字，统一货币，统一度量衡，统一运输与道路的皇帝。更重要的是，虽然孔子说过“天下太平，天下大同”，但真正把中国是一个中央集权的统一国家的思想灌输到每一个中国人心中的，还是秦始皇的政策。
No, Qin Shi Huang is.
Confucius may be the most famous one but not the most important. His theory was not accept in his time which made him leave his home land and wandered for 13 years found no one would like to use him.Yes, later in Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu Di of the Han dynasty took the suggestion of DONG Zhushu of “Only revering Confucian”. However, it was experienced a lot of revision to make it a useful tool for emperor’s ruling people.Thus, a lot of researches claimed that China, from ancient to now, is a country managed by ideology of legalism and decorated with Confucian ideology.
On Qin Shi Huang part, it is not because that he is the first emperor but he
Unified written words
Unified currency
Unified weights and measurement
Unified model of carriage and road
What more important, though Confucius said the phrase of “The world will be blessed with harmony and unity”, it was through Qin Shi Huang’s policies which really install such idea that China shall be a united country with centralized government to every Chinese people’s mind.
不，秦始皇才是。 孔子可能是最有名的人，但不是最重要的人。 他的理论在当时不被接受，这使他离开故土，在外漂泊了13年，最终发现没有人愿意使用他的思想。是的，汉朝后来的汉武帝采纳了董仲舒的“独尊儒术”建议。 因此，许多研究认为，中国从古至今都是一个以法家思想为统领，以儒家思想为装饰的国家。秦始皇是中国历史上最重要的人，并不是因为他是第一个皇帝，而是因为他是第一个统一文字，统一货币，统一度量衡，统一运输与道路的皇帝。更重要的是，虽然孔子说过“天下太平，天下大同”，但真正把中国是一个中央集权的统一国家的思想灌输到每一个中国人心中的，还是秦始皇的政策。
Jan Krikke
The most important person in Chinese history is the person who invented the Eight Trigram. This invention is usually attributed to Fu Xi, who is said to have lived about 5000 years ago but may be a legendary figure.
The Eight Trigrams form the basis of the 64 hexagrams in the I Ching, which is the foundational text of Chinese civilization. Confucius based his social system on the Eight Trigrams. Confuciamism is what distiguishes China from India.
After the presumed inventor of the Eight Trigrams and Confucius, the next most important person in Chinese history is arguable Mao. He used communist ideology as a social construct to unify China. His successors synthesized socialism and free market and put China on the road to becoming the most influential country in the world.
中国历史上最重要的人是发明八卦的人。 这项发明通常归功于伏羲，据说他生活在大约五千年前，但可能是一个传奇人物。 八卦构成了《易经》六十四卦的基础，《易经》是中华文明的奠基文本。 孔子把他的社会制度建立在八卦的基础上。 儒家思想是区分中国和印度的东西。 继八卦和孔子之后，中国历史上下一个最重要的人物是值得商榷的毛泽东。 他用共产主义意识形态作为统一中国的社会基础。 他的继任者们综合了社会主义和自由市场，使中国走上了成为世界上最有影响力的国家的道路。
The most important person in Chinese history is the person who invented the Eight Trigram. This invention is usually attributed to Fu Xi, who is said to have lived about 5000 years ago but may be a legendary figure.
The Eight Trigrams form the basis of the 64 hexagrams in the I Ching, which is the foundational text of Chinese civilization. Confucius based his social system on the Eight Trigrams. Confuciamism is what distiguishes China from India.
After the presumed inventor of the Eight Trigrams and Confucius, the next most important person in Chinese history is arguable Mao. He used communist ideology as a social construct to unify China. His successors synthesized socialism and free market and put China on the road to becoming the most influential country in the world.
中国历史上最重要的人是发明八卦的人。 这项发明通常归功于伏羲，据说他生活在大约五千年前，但可能是一个传奇人物。 八卦构成了《易经》六十四卦的基础，《易经》是中华文明的奠基文本。 孔子把他的社会制度建立在八卦的基础上。 儒家思想是区分中国和印度的东西。 继八卦和孔子之后，中国历史上下一个最重要的人物是值得商榷的毛泽东。 他用共产主义意识形态作为统一中国的社会基础。 他的继任者们综合了社会主义和自由市场，使中国走上了成为世界上最有影响力的国家的道路。
Yugan Talovich
“The most important” has to be subjective. I would say yes, Confucius is the most important, because he built the ethical standard that kept China together. Of course I am vastly oversimplifying, and I have a personal grudge against Shusun Tung, Dung Zhungshu, and others who mangled his thought, but on the other hand, they did keep Confucian ideas onstage.
“最重要”必须是主观的。 我会说是的，孔子是最重要的，因为他建立了维系中国的伦理标准。 当然，我是过于简单化了，我个人对董仲舒，叔孙通这些糟蹋孔子思想的人也抱有怨恨，但另一方面，他们确实把儒家思想保留在了历史舞台上。
“The most important” has to be subjective. I would say yes, Confucius is the most important, because he built the ethical standard that kept China together. Of course I am vastly oversimplifying, and I have a personal grudge against Shusun Tung, Dung Zhungshu, and others who mangled his thought, but on the other hand, they did keep Confucian ideas onstage.
“最重要”必须是主观的。 我会说是的，孔子是最重要的，因为他建立了维系中国的伦理标准。 当然，我是过于简单化了，我个人对董仲舒，叔孙通这些糟蹋孔子思想的人也抱有怨恨，但另一方面，他们确实把儒家思想保留在了历史舞台上。
Hu Shi Xiong
Confucius was the most important person in Chinese culture . He defined culture .
History? Sima Qian. The grand historian. Without whom we wouldn''''''''t know those historical figures.
Politics? With references to 2 answers before me , Qin shi Huang created the first imperial state , he considered it his achievement , not mandate of heaven . (15years anyway so it''''''''s hard to argue the mandate was his )
Qin fell , xiang ji(yu) proposed going back to a feudal system . And the idea of a unified state of China only set in because of Liu bang and the han dynasty . If xiang yu had won , there might be no China as we know it, no Chinese people , no han race .
The entire idea of a Chinese imperial state ruling China, the benevolent government ruling with Confucian ethics , a peasant in this case, being emperor , not simply a noble . Ability over lineage. Was all because of one man. Liu Bang .
孔子是中国文化中最重要的人物。 他给中国的文化下了定义。 历史方面？司马迁，是伟大的历史学家。没有他，我们就不会认识那些历史人物。 政治方面？关于我面前的两个答案，秦始皇创建了第一个大一统帝国，他认为这是他的成就，而不是天命。 （反正秦朝存在了15年，所以很难说这是他的天命。） 秦亡，项籍（禹）提出回到分封制度。 因为刘邦和汉朝，中国才有了统一的想法。 如果项羽赢了，可能就没有我们所知道的中国，就没有中国人，就没有汉族。 整个中国的大一统王朝思想，仁政统治的儒家伦理，在一个庶民身上实现，一个布衣成为皇帝，而不是一个贵族。 个人的能力胜过血统。 都是因为这一个人， 刘邦。
Confucius was the most important person in Chinese culture . He defined culture .
History? Sima Qian. The grand historian. Without whom we wouldn''''''''t know those historical figures.
Politics? With references to 2 answers before me , Qin shi Huang created the first imperial state , he considered it his achievement , not mandate of heaven . (15years anyway so it''''''''s hard to argue the mandate was his )
Qin fell , xiang ji(yu) proposed going back to a feudal system . And the idea of a unified state of China only set in because of Liu bang and the han dynasty . If xiang yu had won , there might be no China as we know it, no Chinese people , no han race .
The entire idea of a Chinese imperial state ruling China, the benevolent government ruling with Confucian ethics , a peasant in this case, being emperor , not simply a noble . Ability over lineage. Was all because of one man. Liu Bang .
孔子是中国文化中最重要的人物。 他给中国的文化下了定义。 历史方面？司马迁，是伟大的历史学家。没有他，我们就不会认识那些历史人物。 政治方面？关于我面前的两个答案，秦始皇创建了第一个大一统帝国，他认为这是他的成就，而不是天命。 （反正秦朝存在了15年，所以很难说这是他的天命。） 秦亡，项籍（禹）提出回到分封制度。 因为刘邦和汉朝，中国才有了统一的想法。 如果项羽赢了，可能就没有我们所知道的中国，就没有中国人，就没有汉族。 整个中国的大一统王朝思想，仁政统治的儒家伦理，在一个庶民身上实现，一个布衣成为皇帝，而不是一个贵族。 个人的能力胜过血统。 都是因为这一个人， 刘邦。
Kevin Samuels
Obviously different people will give different answers, but I’d say it was the Duke of Zhou. He came up with (or is credited with coming up with) the concept of the “Mandate of Heaven”, which was used to justify imperial rule for more than 2000 years.
显然不同的人会给出不同的答案，但我会说是周公。 他提出了，或者说被认为提出了 “天命”的概念，这个概念被用来为两千多年的帝国统治辩护。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Obviously different people will give different answers, but I’d say it was the Duke of Zhou. He came up with (or is credited with coming up with) the concept of the “Mandate of Heaven”, which was used to justify imperial rule for more than 2000 years.
显然不同的人会给出不同的答案，但我会说是周公。 他提出了，或者说被认为提出了 “天命”的概念，这个概念被用来为两千多年的帝国统治辩护。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Kenneth Lau
Confucius can be regarded as one of the most important person in traditional Chinese ethics. His philosophy was the basis of Chinese education, and was at the core of the curriculum for the civil examination system up until 1911. Even after the abolition of the monarchy, Confucian ethics persist in Chinese culture to this day, from the concept of filial respect to ideas of what constitute good social order.
Still, I cannot definitively say he, or any other, is the most important person, because to do so diminishes the accomplishments or efforts or influence of any other actor that contributed to our collective historical experience.
It would be like asking who was the most important figure of the Canadian Confederation? Sure, Sir John A. MacDonald was the first prime minister, but he could not have done it alone. And there were people before them that played important roles, as well as people who came after who contributed significantly.
(Sorry for the slight detour; I just want to express that the concept of “great men” history is problematic.)
孔子是中国传统伦理思想中最重要的人物之一。 他的哲学是中国教育的基础，也是1911年前中国科举制度课程的核心。 即使在废除君主制之后，儒家伦理思想仍然在中国文化中留存至今，从孝道观念到构成良好社会秩序的思想。 然而，我不能肯定地说他或任何其他人是最重要的人，因为这样做会削弱对我们集体历史经验作出贡献的任何其他行为者的成就，努力或影响。 这就好比问谁是加拿大联邦最重要的人物？ 当然，约翰·A·麦克唐纳爵士是第一任首相，但他不可能独自完成这一任务。 在他们之前，有些人发挥了重要作用，在他们之后，有些人作出了重大贡献。 抱歉稍微绕了一圈；我只想表达，“伟人”这个历史概念是有问题的。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Confucius can be regarded as one of the most important person in traditional Chinese ethics. His philosophy was the basis of Chinese education, and was at the core of the curriculum for the civil examination system up until 1911. Even after the abolition of the monarchy, Confucian ethics persist in Chinese culture to this day, from the concept of filial respect to ideas of what constitute good social order.
Still, I cannot definitively say he, or any other, is the most important person, because to do so diminishes the accomplishments or efforts or influence of any other actor that contributed to our collective historical experience.
It would be like asking who was the most important figure of the Canadian Confederation? Sure, Sir John A. MacDonald was the first prime minister, but he could not have done it alone. And there were people before them that played important roles, as well as people who came after who contributed significantly.
(Sorry for the slight detour; I just want to express that the concept of “great men” history is problematic.)
孔子是中国传统伦理思想中最重要的人物之一。 他的哲学是中国教育的基础，也是1911年前中国科举制度课程的核心。 即使在废除君主制之后，儒家伦理思想仍然在中国文化中留存至今，从孝道观念到构成良好社会秩序的思想。 然而，我不能肯定地说他或任何其他人是最重要的人，因为这样做会削弱对我们集体历史经验作出贡献的任何其他行为者的成就，努力或影响。 这就好比问谁是加拿大联邦最重要的人物？ 当然，约翰·A·麦克唐纳爵士是第一任首相，但他不可能独自完成这一任务。 在他们之前，有些人发挥了重要作用，在他们之后，有些人作出了重大贡献。 抱歉稍微绕了一圈；我只想表达，“伟人”这个历史概念是有问题的。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Sean Jerold
Confucius is a common name brought up when talking about China and is famous for many of his writings. He is a well-known philosopher but did he do enough to be described as the most important person in Chinese history? Did his accomplishments change China entirely and turn it around? I don''''''''t think he did. But, Qin Shi Huang, that is the man who set China on the right path. Almost everything we think of when we think of China is because of him. Qin Shi Huang was the first ruler of a unified China, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty, and the paver of the road for China''''''''s future.Qin Shi Huang started the occupancy of the emperor at age 38. After unifying the seven states into one dynasty, Qin Shi Huang set out to expand the new empire’s borders and establish the imperial system that would survive for the next two thousand years. Before him, the rulers were known as kings, but he changed it for a good reason. The new lands he conquered and borders he established formed the kingdom into an empire.
孔子是谈论中国时提起的一个常见名字，因他的许多著述而闻名。 他是一位著名的哲学家，但他所做的足以被描述为中国历史上最重要的人物吗？ 他的成就彻底改变了中国并扭转了局面吗？ 我觉得他没有。 但是秦始皇，才是那个让中国走上正确道路的人。 我们一想到中国，几乎想到的一切都是因为他。 秦始皇是统一中国的第一位统治者，是秦朝的第一位皇帝，也是中国未来道路的铺路石。秦始皇38岁开始称帝。 秦始皇将七国统一为一个王朝后，开始扩张新帝国的疆域，建立起延续两千年的帝国制度。 在他之前，统治者被称为国王，但他改变称谓是有充分理由的。 他征服的新土地和建立的边界将这些王国统合成了一个帝国。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Confucius is a common name brought up when talking about China and is famous for many of his writings. He is a well-known philosopher but did he do enough to be described as the most important person in Chinese history? Did his accomplishments change China entirely and turn it around? I don''''''''t think he did. But, Qin Shi Huang, that is the man who set China on the right path. Almost everything we think of when we think of China is because of him. Qin Shi Huang was the first ruler of a unified China, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty, and the paver of the road for China''''''''s future.Qin Shi Huang started the occupancy of the emperor at age 38. After unifying the seven states into one dynasty, Qin Shi Huang set out to expand the new empire’s borders and establish the imperial system that would survive for the next two thousand years. Before him, the rulers were known as kings, but he changed it for a good reason. The new lands he conquered and borders he established formed the kingdom into an empire.
孔子是谈论中国时提起的一个常见名字，因他的许多著述而闻名。 他是一位著名的哲学家，但他所做的足以被描述为中国历史上最重要的人物吗？ 他的成就彻底改变了中国并扭转了局面吗？ 我觉得他没有。 但是秦始皇，才是那个让中国走上正确道路的人。 我们一想到中国，几乎想到的一切都是因为他。 秦始皇是统一中国的第一位统治者，是秦朝的第一位皇帝，也是中国未来道路的铺路石。秦始皇38岁开始称帝。 秦始皇将七国统一为一个王朝后，开始扩张新帝国的疆域，建立起延续两千年的帝国制度。 在他之前，统治者被称为国王，但他改变称谓是有充分理由的。 他征服的新土地和建立的边界将这些王国统合成了一个帝国。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Before the Qin dynasty, the kingdoms had few defined boundaries and were in a constant state of integration with borderland tribes. But royal power did not reach that far outside of the capitals, and most of the power belonged to feudal vassals.Emperor Qin started out by establishing the borders of his empire and putting an end to the constant disputes between the barbaric tribes and different kingdoms. By the end of these campaigns, China’s main territory doubled from the time of the Warring States era and was five times larger than the area ruled by the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 B.C.). This land extended from central Vietnam in the south to Mongolia in the north. The Great Wall snaked from Korea thousands of miles toward the deserts of Central Asia. The Great Wall is one of the First Emperor’s most famous achievements, and it spanned around 3,000 miles. Qin authority was established along the eastern and southeastern Chinese coast, and imperial armies watched over the Himalaya mountains in the west.
秦朝以前，诸侯国几乎没有明确的疆界，与边疆部落处于不断融合的状态。 但王权并没有深入到首都以外的地方，大部分权力都属于封建诸侯，秦始皇从建立帝国的疆界开始，结束了野蛮部落和不同王国之间不断的纷争。 这些战役结束时，中国的主要领土面积比战国时代翻了一番，比周朝（公元前1046-256年）统治的面积大五倍。 这片土地南起越南中部，北至蒙古。 长城从朝鲜蜿蜒数千英里，一直延伸到中亚的沙漠。 长城是秦始皇最著名的成就之一，绵延约3000英里。 秦国机构在中国东部和东南部沿海建立起来，帝国的军队在西边守望着喜马拉雅山脉。
秦朝以前，诸侯国几乎没有明确的疆界，与边疆部落处于不断融合的状态。 但王权并没有深入到首都以外的地方，大部分权力都属于封建诸侯，秦始皇从建立帝国的疆界开始，结束了野蛮部落和不同王国之间不断的纷争。 这些战役结束时，中国的主要领土面积比战国时代翻了一番，比周朝（公元前1046-256年）统治的面积大五倍。 这片土地南起越南中部，北至蒙古。 长城从朝鲜蜿蜒数千英里，一直延伸到中亚的沙漠。 长城是秦始皇最著名的成就之一，绵延约3000英里。 秦国机构在中国东部和东南部沿海建立起来，帝国的军队在西边守望着喜马拉雅山脉。
He not only expanded the land occupation of China but also wanted China to remain undivided even after his death. He standardized the systems of writing and road networks that would continue to be used for thousands of years. He didn''''''''t only connect his people mentally but also physically with roads. The emperor actively toured his domain and would have massive highways laid down ahead of him on his travels across old country roads. He also unified weights and measurements used as well as the currency.Emperor Qin established all these things and laid strong political and cultural foundations. He tended carefully to the management and development of his conquests and set up positions to govern his people. He created the mentality that the emperor’s authority, granted by Heaven, was second to none in the mortal realm. This position was hereditary For 2,000 years from the time of Qin to the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1911, all dynasties, regardless their culture and origins, inherited the imperial system founded by the First Emperor.Qin Shi Huang paved many roads to connect China, literally and figuratively. He established many unifying aspects of China that existed for thousands of years. He was the most important man in Chinese history.
他不仅扩大了对中国的土地占领，而且希望中国即使在他死后也能保持不分裂。 他将文字系统和道路标准化，这些文字系统和道路网络将继续使用几千年。 他不仅把他的人民在精神上联系起来，而且把他们的身体与道路联系起来。 皇帝积极地巡视他的领地，在他穿越古老的乡间道路时，他会在前面铺设大量的高速公路。 秦统一了度量衡，统一了货币，奠定了坚实的政治文化基础。 他小心翼翼地管理和发展他的征服之地，并设立职位管理他的人民。 他创造了这样一种心态，即天子的权威在凡间是首屈一指的。 这一地位是世袭的，从秦朝到1911年清末，所有的朝代，不论其文化和出身，都继承了第一位皇帝创立的帝制。秦始皇铺就了许多连接中国的道路，字面上和形象上都是如此。 他建立了中国存在几千年的诸多统一的方面， 他是中国历史上最重要的人物。
他不仅扩大了对中国的土地占领，而且希望中国即使在他死后也能保持不分裂。 他将文字系统和道路标准化，这些文字系统和道路网络将继续使用几千年。 他不仅把他的人民在精神上联系起来，而且把他们的身体与道路联系起来。 皇帝积极地巡视他的领地，在他穿越古老的乡间道路时，他会在前面铺设大量的高速公路。 秦统一了度量衡，统一了货币，奠定了坚实的政治文化基础。 他小心翼翼地管理和发展他的征服之地，并设立职位管理他的人民。 他创造了这样一种心态，即天子的权威在凡间是首屈一指的。 这一地位是世袭的，从秦朝到1911年清末，所有的朝代，不论其文化和出身，都继承了第一位皇帝创立的帝制。秦始皇铺就了许多连接中国的道路，字面上和形象上都是如此。 他建立了中国存在几千年的诸多统一的方面， 他是中国历史上最重要的人物。
Evan
In Chinese living, when two stranger guys meet and want to get to know each other, they usually ask : what is your “noble surname”? the other guy answer: it is not noble, my surname is …….
Do you know what the noble surname mean? there are only two true noble surnames in Chinese world, The one is the surname of emperor , the other one is the surname of Confucius.
In ancient times, the descendant of Confucius have enjoyed the rank and treatment of the Duke for thousands years till the 19th century, It called “Duke Yansheng (衍圣公)” the Duke was very difficult to obtain, even for the generals.In Chinese ideology, Confucius is always the most important person in Chinese history
在中国人的生活中，当两个陌生人相遇，想要了解对方时，他们通常会问:你的“贵姓”是什么？ 另一个家伙回答:不是贵族，是姓。 你知道高贵的姓氏是什么意思吗？ 汉语世界上只有两个真正的贵族姓氏，一个是皇帝的姓氏，另一个是孔子的姓氏。 在古代，孔子的后代一直享有公爵的地位和待遇，直到19世纪，还被称为“衍圣公”。“公”是很难获得的称号，即使是将领也是如此。在中国人的思想观念中，孔子始终是中国历史上最重要的人物
In Chinese living, when two stranger guys meet and want to get to know each other, they usually ask : what is your “noble surname”? the other guy answer: it is not noble, my surname is …….
Do you know what the noble surname mean? there are only two true noble surnames in Chinese world, The one is the surname of emperor , the other one is the surname of Confucius.
In ancient times, the descendant of Confucius have enjoyed the rank and treatment of the Duke for thousands years till the 19th century, It called “Duke Yansheng (衍圣公)” the Duke was very difficult to obtain, even for the generals.In Chinese ideology, Confucius is always the most important person in Chinese history
在中国人的生活中，当两个陌生人相遇，想要了解对方时，他们通常会问:你的“贵姓”是什么？ 另一个家伙回答:不是贵族，是姓。 你知道高贵的姓氏是什么意思吗？ 汉语世界上只有两个真正的贵族姓氏，一个是皇帝的姓氏，另一个是孔子的姓氏。 在古代，孔子的后代一直享有公爵的地位和待遇，直到19世纪，还被称为“衍圣公”。“公”是很难获得的称号，即使是将领也是如此。在中国人的思想观念中，孔子始终是中国历史上最重要的人物
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