QA问答:什么事在你们国家很正常,但在世界其他地方却很奇怪?(葡萄牙篇)
2021-08-13 营养快线 12669
正文翻译
Duarte Silva, Portuguese that knows too much of its country for his own good.upxed September 20, 2020
Portugal!Portugal has been on the spotlight in recent years. Fantastic weather, cheap prices, safety, optimal combination of modernity/tradition and Portuguese hospitality surely explain all the hype.But, I fear most Portuguese idiosyncrasies are still foreign to most foreigners visiting this small European country.So, I'll try to unforeign them for you in this answer. Here we go:

葡萄牙!葡萄牙近年来一直备受关注。绝佳的天气、便宜的价格、安全、现代与传统的最佳组合以及葡萄牙的热情好客肯定解释了所有天花乱坠的宣传炒作。但是,我担心大多数来这个欧洲小国旅游的外国人对葡萄牙人的大多数特点仍然感到陌生。所以,我将试着在这个答案中消除这种陌生感。我们开始吧:

Food:
McSoup,Yes, you read that right. Soup in McDonald's. Who said McDonald's couldn't be healthy?(Though, I have got to say, I never saw anyone ordering it. Just incredulous foreigners looking at the menu. Still, it's available.)

食物:
麦当劳汤,是的,你没看错。麦当劳的汤。谁说麦当劳的食物不健康?不过,我不得不说,我从没见过有人点这个汤。我只是怀疑的外国人是否看过菜单。不过,汤是可以买到的。


Tomato presence in Portuguese cuisine
From tomato rice to Portuguese gaspacho And escabeche sardines
Tomato typically features Portuguese dishes. Especially in Southern Portugal, less hearty and more Mediterranean. After all, we are in:Olive oil abundance.You may escape tomato when eating Portuguese traditional food. Now, olive oil? I bet you won't. That's because olive oil is one of the major ingredients in Portuguese cuisine. More than tomato. This ingredient is featured in salads and most of meat and fish dishes:Yes, sometimes we drown the plate.

葡萄牙菜肴中的经常出现的番茄:从番茄米饭到葡萄牙加斯帕乔干酪,还有油炸沙丁鱼。西红柿是葡萄牙菜的典型特色,尤其是在葡萄牙南部,不那么丰盛,更地中海化。吃葡萄牙传统食物时,你现在可能会避开西红柿。至于橄榄油?我打赌你避不开。这是因为橄榄油是葡萄牙菜的主要食材之一,比西红柿更多。毕竟,我们身处橄榄油充裕的地方。沙拉和大多数肉类和鱼类菜肴中都含有这种成分:是的,有时橄榄油会淹没盘子。



Portuguese chestnut
I put this here because one time a Canadian man asked me when seeing,“Do you eat those? ” and I immediately replied “Of course!“ to much of his surprise. He said chestnuts in Canada are for ornamental purposes. Better, to scare the spiders! What?! I was horrified! “What a waste! ”, any Portuguese would say. Here in Portugal, mainly in the Autumn and Winter, we roast them:Ohh, seeing those chestnuts makes me salivate!

葡萄牙栗子。我把栗子放进来是因为有一次一个加拿大人看到我吃便问我:“你吃那些吗?”令他大为惊讶的是,我立刻回答:“当然!”。他说加拿大的栗子是用作装饰用的,最好是吓吓蜘蛛!什么?我惊呆了!真是浪费,任何葡萄牙人都会这么说。在葡萄牙,主要是在秋冬季节,我们会烤栗子:看到那些栗子让我流口水。


Fresh Fish availability,Every Portuguese hypermarket has one of these:And that surely shocks non-Portuguese
Fish consumption
As you could see above, fish is widely present in Portugal. That's for a reason. We eat a lot of fish. Period. In fact, we are the second largest fish consumers in Europe, only Iceland tops us, and first ones in EU.So, you'll have many fish options throughout the country. The most prent one is salted cod, the national ingredient. Here's a table that simply exposes the way we see bacalhau:I'll do the math for you. In 2015, Portugal imported 72,5% of all Norwegian salted cod. That's freakin amazing!So, fish will also be difficult to avoid. But, why would anyone avoid it?


可以买到新鲜的鱼。葡萄牙的每一家超市都有这些:这无疑让非葡萄牙人感到震惊。鱼的消费量如上图所示,鱼在葡萄牙随处可见,这是有原因的,我们吃很多鱼。事实上,我们是欧洲第二大鱼类消费国,仅次于冰岛这个欧盟第一大鱼类消费国。所以,全国各地都有很多鱼类可供选择。最常见的一种是盐腌鳕鱼,这是一种民族食材。下面这个表格简单地揭示了我们如何看待腌鳕鱼:我来帮你算一下。2015年,葡萄牙进口了72.5%的挪威盐渍鳕鱼,这太让人吃惊了!所以,鱼也很难避免。但是,为什么会有人回避吃鱼呢?


“Portuguese style” barbecues,I know how most barbecues are. They are something along this:Well, we have this too. But, we have our own one. Guess what's on the grill? Huh? Of course, fresh seafood!Much better than processed burgers!

“葡萄牙风格”烧烤。我知道大多数烧烤都是什么样子,我们也有普通烧烤。但是,我们有自己独特的烧烤。猜猜烤架上有什么?嗯?当然是新鲜的海鲜!比加工过的汉堡好多了!
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处



Beverages:Wine culture
Portugal is world famous for its wine. Everyone knows and loves Port. Well, we love it too. That's why we are the biggest wine drinkers per capita in the World:Lupin beans and beer
“Beer? “, you may ask. Well, we drink it too. If you stumble across a café during a football game, you'll see this
And you may ask yourself “What the hell are those yellow things they are eating? “. Well, those are the Portuguese national snacks: tremoços. Beer and tremoços are an amazing combination. Try it please. You won't regret it.
Drinking in the street:Contrary to many countries, here you can drink on the street. In fact, that's one of the reasons why Lisbon gained such popularity among World drinkers. So, be prepared to watch this

饮料:酒文化
葡萄牙以其葡萄酒闻名于世。每个人都知道并喜欢波特酒。嗯,我们也喜欢它。这就是为什么我们是世界上人均葡萄酒饮用量最大的国家。
羽扇豆和啤酒:“你们喝啤酒吗?你可能会问。嗯,我们也喝。如果你在一场足球比赛中偶然发现咖啡,你会看到这个。你可能会问自己:“他们吃的那些黄色东西到底是什么?””。嗯,这些是葡萄牙的国家小吃:羽扇豆。啤酒和羽扇豆是一个神奇的组合。请试一试,你不会后悔的。在街上喝酒:与许多国家不同的是,在这里你可以在街上喝酒。事实上,这也是里斯本在世界饮酒者中如此受欢迎的原因之一。


General culture:
Pastry shop culture:Pastry shops in Portugal are literally everywhere, not just in your retail centres but spread throughout the neighbourhoods too, even in the most remote places. But, that can happen elsewhere too.Now, what's interesting in Portugal, is the promiscousity of functions we have here. Pastry shops are a curious crossover between bakeries, coffee shops and bars, with some even expanding to the grocer’s shop and restaurant side.Portuguese pastry shops have a range of freshly baked goods served there.They can offer meals as well, even pizza if they are classified as pizza shops, pizzaria!Obviously the main thing there are still the pastries and the cakes, but it really is a place where you can do a lot of things.

糕点店文化:葡萄牙的糕点店几乎无处不在,不仅在零售中心,而且遍布整个社区,甚至在最偏远的地方。但是,这也可能发生在其他地方。葡萄牙的有趣之处在于,糕点店包含的内容是纷繁复杂的。糕点店是面包房、咖啡店和酒吧的奇妙结合,有些甚至扩展到杂货店和餐厅。葡萄牙的糕点店有一系列新鲜烘焙的食品供应。糕点店也可以提供食物,甚至披萨,他们也可以被归类为披萨店!当然主要的还是糕点和蛋糕,但在这里你可以做很多事情。

Portuguese Surnames:In most countries, people have 2 to 3 names. Well, here in Portugal it's very usual to find people with 4–6 names.Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho,Victoria Deborah de Sousa Lark Guerra

葡萄牙人姓氏:在大多数国家,人们有2到3个字的名字。在葡萄牙,通常会发现有4-6个字的名字。比如:Pedro Manuel Mamede Passos Coelho。

Portuguese roundabouts:Unlike what you see in your country, our roundabouts are works of art!And Portuguese love it. We love to see mayors invest in fancy roundabouts because there's clearly nothing else to spend the money at! Municipalities’ management are superb here, wink wink.

葡萄牙环形路:不像你在你们国家看到的,我们的环形路是艺术品!葡萄牙人很喜欢。我们喜欢看到市长们在漂亮的环岛上投资,因为显然没有别的地方可以花钱了!市政当局的管理是一流的。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Higher Education traditions in Portugal
This is the last topic I’m gonna address in this very long and arduous to write answer.Portuguese universities have an unique atmosphere. Indeed, Praxe, Queima das Fitas and university customs only exist here. I'll explain one by one.First, the customs. Every university has a different one. They might seem the same but they aren't. Details and etiquette vary nationwide.Let's start with the randomest one:Among others.Now, to the praxe. A controversial topic here in Portugal. Praxe is a voluntary initiation ritual freshmen are subjected to in Portuguese higher education institutions, universities or not, by third, fourth and fifth yearers. Its obxtives are the freshmen insertion into the institution and the loss of social inhibition. Tradition, ritual, humor, joy and parody are some of the main ingredients of praxe.Examples include the Latada, where freshmen walk throughout the streets with cans around their bodiesIn Portugal, you also have Queima das Fitas, Academic Week. That's a moment all students yearn for. Why? Because during one week the party mood never stops! There's the University SerenadeAnd this ends my Portugal quirkiness post. Hope you liked our singular way to do some things!

葡萄牙高等教育传统:这是我在这个漫长而艰难的回答中要讲的最后一个话题。葡萄牙的大学有着独特的氛围。事实上,prax, quima das Fitas和大学习俗只存在于这里。我将逐一解释。首先是校服,每个大学都有一个不同的校服。它们看起来可能是一样的,但其实不是。细节和校服在全国各地有所不同。
现在,说到praxe。在葡萄牙这是一个有争议的话题。prax是葡萄牙高等教育机构、大学或非大学新生在三、四、五年级时自愿参加的入会仪式。它的目标是让新生融入学校,摆脱社会的束缚。传统、仪式、幽默、欢乐和拙劣的模仿是prax的一些主要成分。例如拉塔达,在那里,大一新生身上缠着罐头走在大街上。
在葡萄牙,还有Queima das Fitas,学术周。那是所有学生都渴望的时刻。为什么?因为在一个星期里,派对的气氛永远不会停止!这是大学小夜曲。这篇有关葡萄牙奇特地方的文章到此结束。希望你喜欢我们独特的做事方式!

评论翻译
Adriana Moura
Now you really made me crave roasted sardines… with a Bairrada wine (what? my family is from the Bairrada and they still grow grapevines… though mostly to make jeropiga now). I pass the lupin beans though (my family will still disinherit me for that!).I learned from my grandmother that the only proper way to make bacalhau is to turn the whole bottle of olive oil on it!But now… uniforms for the universities! I thought it was only in Coimbra… I have so much to learn when I go back (likely next year!).

现在你的答案真的让我渴望烤沙丁鱼……配上Bairrada酒(我的家人来自葡萄牙拜拉达,他们现在还在种植葡萄藤,虽然现在主要是用来做jeropiga)。我从我祖母那里学到做腌鳕鱼的唯一正确方法就是把整瓶橄榄油倒在上面!但是现在,大学要穿校服了!我还以为只有在科英布拉才有呢……等我回去的时候(可能是明年吧!),还有很多东西要学呢。

Profile photo for Duarte Silva
Ahaha roasted sardines are always a good option!Well, I do that. My father does. But most of my family doesn't. Fitness arrived to Portugal, so no more fat. But, if you are to eat bacalhau without a decent amount of olive oil, you might as well not eat it. That's what I tell them anyway.It is widespread really. I think only private universities don't have them. Still, don't know for sure.

哈哈,烤沙丁鱼是个不错的选择!嗯,腌鳕鱼我就是这么做的,我的父亲也是,但我的大部分家人不是这么做。葡萄牙适合健身,到了葡萄牙就不再发胖了。但是,如果你要在没有橄榄油的情况下吃腌鳕鱼,你最好还是不要吃。校服真的很普遍,我想只有私立大学没有。不过,我也不确定。

Maja Burazin
Very interesting answer. McSoup doesn't sound bad. I don't know what they put inside, but it would be interesting to try it.

非常有趣的答案。麦当劳汤听起来不错。我不知道里面放了什么,但试试肯定很有趣。

Maja Burazin
If I ever travel to Portugal, I'll think of that soup. I promise :)

如果我去葡萄牙旅行,我会想起那道汤。我发誓。

Cameron Beck
My God, what a feast! Both literally and figuatively. I neverr knew Portugal was so cool. Thank you. -cb

天啊,真是一顿盛宴!无论是字面上还是比喻上。我从来不知道葡萄牙这么酷。谢谢你!

Duarte Silva
It was nothing really! I love showcasing Portugal to non-Portuguese!

这真的没什么!我喜欢向非葡萄牙人展示葡萄牙!

Mahsa Tabatabaiy
In Iran, we eat raw chestnuts along with other nuts (I just skip the chestnuts!) but roasting them must be a better way.

在伊朗,我们把生栗子和其他坚果一起吃(我不吃栗子),但烤栗子肯定更好。

Duarte Silva
Ahahaha. Perhaps. Ahaha. Funnily, my grandmother also eats raw chestnuts. She says it's like eating nuts and non-Easter almonds. A dried fruit.

也许。哈哈。有趣的是,我的祖母也吃生板栗,她说这就像吃坚果和非复活节杏仁。

Cassiano Campes
I’ve been in Porto, and I have never drank too much wine in 1 week period in my entire life. The vinho verde is one of my favorites. Not to say about the food. I am Brazilian, and while there, I could feel like home, and taste foods that I was missing for a long time because I am currently living el… (more)

我去过波尔图,在我的一生中,我从来没有在一周内喝这么多的酒。绿葡萄酒是我的最爱之一,更不用说食物了。我是巴西人,在那里,我有家的感觉,品尝我想念很久的食物,因为我现在住在其他地方。对你们的文化给好评。
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Duarte Silva
Happy to hear you liked Portugal’s food and culture.

很高兴听到你喜欢葡萄牙的食物和文化。

Maximiliano Guerra de Medeiros
Ah! Now I want to go there! Cheers from Brazil!

啊,现在我想去那里!来自巴西的欢呼!

Duarte Silva
Hope you do come visit Portugal and I’m sure you'll be dearly welcome, especially above Douro.

希望你来葡萄牙,我相信你会受到热烈欢迎,尤其是在杜罗。

Ryan Privee
The food shown looks good and I’ve heard good things about Portugal. Eu falo um pouquinho de português também!

展示的食物看起来不错,我听说过葡萄牙的这些好东西。我会说一点葡萄牙语。
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Duarte Silva
Ryan Privee, it looks and tastes good. I can corroborate that.I’m interested, what made you learn Portuguese?

@Ryan Privee,这些看起来和吃起来都不错,我可以证实这一点。我很好奇,你为什么学葡萄牙语?
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Ryan Privee
I took Spanish in high school and college then French in college (the language I preferred)—Spanish was more useful for where I live in California. Portuguese I just figured would be easy to pick up on and it was but I didn’t go that far with it, but I can get by and definitely understand a lot in written form. I like the language too, both Euro and Brazilian but Brazilian is harder to understand. I had a professor from the Azores—Madeira I believe? and another from Angola but he was white and I believe spoke European style Portuguese. I got A’s in the classes. I can read/understand some Italian, Catalan, Occitan, Asturian, Galecian as well…..Romanian not so much, it’s too different. My Grandmother was from Guam (US island territory) and Chomorro has Spanish and possibly Portuguese influence to the language as well but I only know a little bit, it’s a dying language, most Guamanians speak English now.

我在高中和大学学了西班牙语,然后在大学学了法语(我更喜欢法语)——西班牙语对我住在加州的地方更有用。我只是觉得葡萄牙语很容易学会,但我并没有学得那么深,但我可以应付过去,肯定能理解很多书面语。我也喜欢这里的语言,不管是欧语系的还是巴西语系的,但是巴西语更难理解。我有个教授来自亚述尔-马德拉群岛?还有一个来自安哥拉,但他是白人,我相信他说的是欧洲风格的葡萄牙语。
我在课上得了A。我能读懂一些意大利语、加泰罗尼亚语、欧西坦语、阿斯图里语、此外还有盖尔语……一点罗马尼亚语。我的祖母来自关岛(美国的岛屿领土),乔莫罗语也受到西班牙语和葡萄牙语的影响,但我只知道一点点,它是一种濒临灭绝的语言,大多数关岛人现在都说英语。

Emilio Gomez Varela
May be because they are so commonplace, you forgot the wonderful, artesanal cheeses that are offered in almost every restaurant before you even order, and “travesoiras”(?) those pastries at breakfast.

也许是因为它们太普通了,你甚至忘记了几乎每家餐馆在你点餐之前都会提供的美味的手工奶酪,以及早餐时的那些“travesoiras”糕点。
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Duarte Silva
I don't know about the cheeses. Not all restaurants offer cheese as an appetizer. Now, for the pastry, I think you meant to say travesseiro from Sintra? Thank you for your comment.

我不知道你说的奶酪,不是所有的餐馆都提供奶酪作为开胃菜。至于糕点,我想你想说的是来自辛特拉的travesseiro ?谢谢你的评论。

Advait Ghosh
My bengali style sardine cuisine from East India looks similar to yours. Kudos!!!

我在东印度做的孟加拉式沙丁鱼看起来和你的很像。

Duarte Silva
It is. How interesting! Does this form of making sardines have a name?

确实。多么有趣啊!这种制作沙丁鱼的方法有名字吗?

Advait Ghosh
We call it indian fish curry though. I prepared through some spices onions, tomatoes. It is just a combination.

不过我们叫它印度咖喱鱼。我准备了一些香料洋葱,西红柿,这只是一个组合。

Duarte Silva
In Portugal, other than the ingredients you mentioned, we also use peppers.

在葡萄牙,除了你提到的配料,我们还用辣椒。

Ivan Salinas
Very interesting and ellaborated answer. Thanks!

非常有趣和精心设计的答案。谢谢!
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Duarte Silva
If by elaborated you mean tiresome, then it definitely was! Thank you for your comment!

如果你说的精心设计是指无聊,那确实是挺无聊的!谢谢你的评论!
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Neha K
Wow the food looks awesome. But i would not eat half of them…being a very choosy non vegetarian.The dresses look really amazing. It makes me want to study in these universities.

哇,食物看起来棒极了。但作为一个挑剔的非素食者,我一半都不会吃。这些衣服看起来真棒,这让我想在这些大学学习。

Duarte Silva
I perfectly get it. Nevertheless, in cities, you'll find relavely easy vegetarian menus.Yes, the dresses are indeed amazing. If you notice it, they resemble Harry Potter’s uniforms. Well, that's not random. J.K.Rowling inspired herself in Portuguese uniforms.

我完全明白。然而,在城市里,你会发现相对简单的素食菜单。是的,这些衣服确实很漂亮。如果你注意到的话,你会发现它们很像哈利·波特的制服。这不是随机的。J. K.罗琳的灵感来自于葡萄牙制服。

Neha K
Yes the harry potter looks. Would love to wear them :)

是的,看起来像哈利波特,我很想穿这些衣服。

Duarte Silva
J. K.Rowling based herself on Porto’s dresses, so there's that ;).

J. K.罗琳的作品就是以波尔图的裙子为原型的,所以就是这样。

Neha K
One more question: is olive oil excessive use prent only in portugal or the other EU nations as well?

还有一个问题:橄榄油的过度使用只是在葡萄牙还是其他欧盟国家普遍存在?

Duarte Silva
Neha K, so sorry for just answering now! Olive oil is excessively used mostly in Mediterranean diet countries. In EU those countries are Italy, Portugal, Spain, Greece, Croatia, Spain, Malta, Cyprus and partially France.

@Neha K,抱歉现在才接电话!橄榄油在地中海饮食国家被过度使用。在欧盟,这些国家包括意大利、葡萄牙、西班牙、希腊、克罗地亚、西班牙、马耳他、塞浦路斯和法国部分地区。

Ashla Delana
When I went to Portugal, there were also these famous pastries made with a secret recipe in Belem. They are the best pastries ever!

当我去葡萄牙的时候,贝伦也有一些用秘方制作的著名糕点,它们是我吃过的最好的糕点!

Alex Aleschu
Incredible work! All these pictures and the pure length of the article - wow. Thanks :)

令人难以置信的工作!这么多的图片和文章的纯长度,哇,谢谢!

Duarte Silva
Glad you liked it. Yes, searching for all those pictures.. 3 days! But it's worthy it if it means showcasing Portugal’s quirkiness!

很高兴你喜欢。是的,我找那些照片找了3天!但如果这意味着展示葡萄牙的奇特之处,这是值得的!

Uday Bhaskar Reddy
Thank you, you have a great culture. And also i learnt about Portuguese gazpacho. I will prepare it and try it once. GOD bless.

谢谢,你们的文化很棒。我还学到了葡萄牙凉菜汤,我准备好了就试做一次。愿上帝保佑。

Julius Machado
Your write up was more elaborate than a photo feature in a magazine. I plan to visit Portugal, as a tourist, and I know what to expect? It's mind boggling and fantastic. Thanks.

你的报道比杂志上的照片特写还要详尽。我计划以游客的身份去葡萄牙,我现在知道会期待什么?这是令人难以置信和奇妙的。谢谢。

Duarte Silva
Thank you Julius for your kind words. Hope you have a great stay here, if you need some help I can be of use.

谢谢你,@Julius Machado。希望你在这里过得愉快,如果你需要帮助,我可以帮上忙。

Nitin Samuel
I really like the Portuguese barbecue. It is the healthiest barbecue I have seen in my entire life. Also, the university gowns and dresses are amazing. I wish I wore those during my university days.

我非常喜欢葡萄牙烤肉,这是我这辈子见过的最健康的烧烤。还有,大学的长袍和裙子都很漂亮。真希望我上大学的时候也穿这个。

Duarte Silva
Thank you for your comment.We like it too. Grilled sardines, grilled squids.. Yummy.I agree with you. University here in Portugal has a truly unique atmosphere. And, the dresses and uniforms play a huge part in it.

谢谢你的评论。我们也喜欢烧烤。烤沙丁鱼、烤鱿鱼……都很美味。我同意你的看法,葡萄牙的大学有一种真正独特的氛围,服装和制服在其中扮演着重要的角色。

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