兔肉饥饿症:为什么你肚子里装满了瘦肉也会死
正文翻译
“You’ll starve to death if you only eat rabbit meat” is one of those common refrains you learn when getting into survival.
“如果你只吃兔子肉，你就会饿死”，这是你在野外生存过程中，经常会听到的忠告。
“You’ll starve to death if you only eat rabbit meat” is one of those common refrains you learn when getting into survival.
“如果你只吃兔子肉，你就会饿死”，这是你在野外生存过程中，经常会听到的忠告。
Commonly called “rabbit starvation” but officially called “protein poisoning,” it happens when you eat too much protein without enough fat and/or carbohydrates, which leaves your stomach full but your body malnourished. Excessive protein can overwhelm your liver and kidneys, leading to excess ammonia, urea, and amino acids in your blood. It’s a serious condition that can kill you.
这种情况通常被称为“兔子饥饿症”，但正式名称是“蛋白质中毒”，当你吃了太多的蛋白质而没有摄入足够的脂肪或碳水化合物时，就会“蛋白质中毒”，虽然你的胃已经饱了，但你的身体却营养不良。过多的蛋白质会拖垮你的肝脏和肾脏，导致血液中出现过量的氨、尿素和氨基酸。这是一种可能会要你命的严重疾病。
这种情况通常被称为“兔子饥饿症”，但正式名称是“蛋白质中毒”，当你吃了太多的蛋白质而没有摄入足够的脂肪或碳水化合物时，就会“蛋白质中毒”，虽然你的胃已经饱了，但你的身体却营养不良。过多的蛋白质会拖垮你的肝脏和肾脏，导致血液中出现过量的氨、尿素和氨基酸。这是一种可能会要你命的严重疾病。
It’s similar to“water poisoning,” where people can actually drink themselves to death with water. But the water itself isn’t the problem, it’s the lack of salts/electrolytes to balance out the body’s chemistry.
这类似于“水中毒”，一些人虽然因为喝水而死。但水本身并不是问题所在，问题在于缺乏盐/电解质来平衡身体的化学反应。
这类似于“水中毒”，一些人虽然因为喝水而死。但水本身并不是问题所在，问题在于缺乏盐/电解质来平衡身体的化学反应。
Summary:
This can occur with any lean meat, not just rabbit. That could include beef, caribou, chicken, deer, or squirrel.
Assuming you don’t have a rare genetic/chronic condition, protein poisoning is only a concern in long-term wilderness survival situations where you’re relying on animals to survive.
If you’re in that situation, eat fats.
If you harvest an animal, think like an indigenous person and use as many parts as you can, namely the fatty brain and liver. Other “wild” options are fish oils, nuts, and milk.
Domesticated animals, such as meat rabbits, are usually fatter than their wild counterparts. You could probably survive largely on domesticated rabbits.
Homesteading animals are helpful too since chickens provide fat in eggs, goats provide fat in milk, etc.
If building a pantry, be sure to stock some shelf-stable fats like lard or peanut butter.
The big symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, and an insatiable desire to eat even though you’ve been eating.
Simply eating some fats will correct the problem within hours, although digestive discomfort might continue for up to a week.
如果只摄入瘦肉就会发生蛋白质中毒，不仅仅是兔肉。可能包括牛肉、北美驯鹿、鸡肉、鹿肉或松鼠肉在内的任何瘦肉。
如果你没有罕见的遗传/慢性疾病，那么蛋白质中毒是长期在野外环境中生存时才需要担心的问题。
如果你在野外环境中生存，那么应该想办法摄入脂肪。
如果你捕获一只动物，要像土著人一样，除了肉之外，也要食用动物的其他身体部分，比如脂肪，脑，以及肝脏。如果还有其他选择，尽量保证能摄入鱼油、坚果和牛奶。
相比于野生动物，家养动物更有助于避免蛋白质中毒，比如家养的肉兔，它们通常比野生兔胖，富含脂肪，因此你可以靠家兔生存下去。
除了家兔，鸡可以通过鸡蛋提供脂肪，羊可以通过羊奶提供脂肪等等。
如果你要建一个食品储藏室，一定要储备一些耐贮存的脂肪，比如猪油或花生酱。
蛋白质中毒的主要症状是腹泻，恶心，或饥饿感。即使你已经吃了很多肉，但仍会有无尽的进食欲望。
吃一些脂肪会在几个小时内减轻症状，但消化不适的症状可能会持续长达一周时间。
This can occur with any lean meat, not just rabbit. That could include beef, caribou, chicken, deer, or squirrel.
Assuming you don’t have a rare genetic/chronic condition, protein poisoning is only a concern in long-term wilderness survival situations where you’re relying on animals to survive.
If you’re in that situation, eat fats.
If you harvest an animal, think like an indigenous person and use as many parts as you can, namely the fatty brain and liver. Other “wild” options are fish oils, nuts, and milk.
Domesticated animals, such as meat rabbits, are usually fatter than their wild counterparts. You could probably survive largely on domesticated rabbits.
Homesteading animals are helpful too since chickens provide fat in eggs, goats provide fat in milk, etc.
If building a pantry, be sure to stock some shelf-stable fats like lard or peanut butter.
The big symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, and an insatiable desire to eat even though you’ve been eating.
Simply eating some fats will correct the problem within hours, although digestive discomfort might continue for up to a week.
如果只摄入瘦肉就会发生蛋白质中毒，不仅仅是兔肉。可能包括牛肉、北美驯鹿、鸡肉、鹿肉或松鼠肉在内的任何瘦肉。
如果你没有罕见的遗传/慢性疾病，那么蛋白质中毒是长期在野外环境中生存时才需要担心的问题。
如果你在野外环境中生存，那么应该想办法摄入脂肪。
如果你捕获一只动物，要像土著人一样，除了肉之外，也要食用动物的其他身体部分，比如脂肪，脑，以及肝脏。如果还有其他选择，尽量保证能摄入鱼油、坚果和牛奶。
相比于野生动物，家养动物更有助于避免蛋白质中毒，比如家养的肉兔，它们通常比野生兔胖，富含脂肪，因此你可以靠家兔生存下去。
除了家兔，鸡可以通过鸡蛋提供脂肪，羊可以通过羊奶提供脂肪等等。
如果你要建一个食品储藏室，一定要储备一些耐贮存的脂肪，比如猪油或花生酱。
蛋白质中毒的主要症状是腹泻，恶心，或饥饿感。即使你已经吃了很多肉，但仍会有无尽的进食欲望。
吃一些脂肪会在几个小时内减轻症状，但消化不适的症状可能会持续长达一周时间。
Protein starvation symptoms
Cravings (often for animal brains and other fatty meat)
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Headaches
Nausea
Slow heart rate
Weakness
Diarrhea seems to be the most commonly reported symptom
蛋白质中毒症状
旺盛的进食欲(通常是对动物大脑和其他肥肉的渴望)
腹泻
乏力
头痛
恶心想吐
心率减慢
虚弱
腹泻似乎是蛋白质中毒最常见的症状。
Cravings (often for animal brains and other fatty meat)
Diarrhea
Fatigue
Headaches
Nausea
Slow heart rate
Weakness
Diarrhea seems to be the most commonly reported symptom
蛋白质中毒症状
旺盛的进食欲(通常是对动物大脑和其他肥肉的渴望)
腹泻
乏力
头痛
恶心想吐
心率减慢
虚弱
腹泻似乎是蛋白质中毒最常见的症状。
people thought was rabbit starvation was actually something else. If you only eat the muscular parts of a rabbit, for example, you’re not getting the Vitamin C stored in its organs, which can lead to scurvy.
That’s the trickiest part about diagnosing rabbit starvation. These symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other common problems people experience in these kinds of austere survival scenarios.
So if you have digestive problems and aren’t sure why:
If you know you’ve been eating enough but you still feel hungry, that means the food you’ve been taking in isn’t giving you the nutrition you need. Diversify your diet.If you know you’ve been drinking enough water (eg. your pee is clear), maybe it’s a lack of salts/nutrition leading to hyponatremia.Diarrhea can kill you quickly, especially if you’re in an environment with limited potable water and can’t rehydrate.
通常情况下，人们甚至不会发现兔子饥饿症的存在。例如，如果你只吃兔子的肌肉，你就得不到储存在器官中的维生素C，而维生素C会导致坏血病，所以人们会误认为自己只是缺少维生素C。
这是很难诊断兔子饥饿症的原因。人们在严峻的生存环境中，会出现其他常见的症状，从而掩盖了兔子饥饿症。
所以在野外环境中，如果你出现了消化问题，又不确定原因:
那么请做一个简单的自我判断，
如果你已经吃饱了，但你仍然觉得饿，这意味着你吃的食物没有给予你所需的营养。你的饮食需要多样化。
如果你已经喝了足够多的水(例如。你的尿是透明的)，那么你可能时因为缺乏盐或营养导致了低钠血症。
在这种情况下，一个腹泻能迅速杀死你，特别是当你处于无法及时补充生理盐水的环境中。
That’s the trickiest part about diagnosing rabbit starvation. These symptoms are very similar to the symptoms of other common problems people experience in these kinds of austere survival scenarios.
So if you have digestive problems and aren’t sure why:
If you know you’ve been eating enough but you still feel hungry, that means the food you’ve been taking in isn’t giving you the nutrition you need. Diversify your diet.If you know you’ve been drinking enough water (eg. your pee is clear), maybe it’s a lack of salts/nutrition leading to hyponatremia.Diarrhea can kill you quickly, especially if you’re in an environment with limited potable water and can’t rehydrate.
通常情况下，人们甚至不会发现兔子饥饿症的存在。例如，如果你只吃兔子的肌肉，你就得不到储存在器官中的维生素C，而维生素C会导致坏血病，所以人们会误认为自己只是缺少维生素C。
这是很难诊断兔子饥饿症的原因。人们在严峻的生存环境中，会出现其他常见的症状，从而掩盖了兔子饥饿症。
所以在野外环境中，如果你出现了消化问题，又不确定原因:
那么请做一个简单的自我判断，
如果你已经吃饱了，但你仍然觉得饿，这意味着你吃的食物没有给予你所需的营养。你的饮食需要多样化。
如果你已经喝了足够多的水(例如。你的尿是透明的)，那么你可能时因为缺乏盐或营养导致了低钠血症。
在这种情况下，一个腹泻能迅速杀死你，特别是当你处于无法及时补充生理盐水的环境中。
The SAS Survival Handbook discusses rabbit starvation emphasis
Rabbits can provide the easiest of meals but their flesh lacks fat and vitamins essential to man. The Hudson Bay Company recorded cases of trappers dying of starvation although eating well on an easily available diet of rabbit. The body uses its own vitamins and minerals to digest the rabbit and these are then passed out in the faeces. If they are not replaced, weakness and other symptoms of vitamin deficiency appear. If more rabbit is eaten, the condition becomes worse. Trappers literally ate themselves to death when eating vegetation would have ensured their survival. This situation often occurs when vegetation has been buried by snow and survivors rely on rabbits for food.
SAS生存手册在讨论兔子饥饿时强调
兔子可以提供最简单的一餐，但它们的肉缺乏脂肪和人体必需的维生素。哈德逊湾公司记录了捕兽者因饥饿而死的案例。
尽管捕兽者吃得很好，很容易捕捉到兔子。但人体会利用自身的维生素和矿物质来消化兔子，然后这些维生素和矿物质就会随着粪便排出体外。如果不摄入维生素和矿物质，人体就会出现虚弱和其他维生素缺乏的症状。
如果吃的兔子越多，情况就会变得越糟。除非找到可以维持生存的植物，否则捕兽者真的会把自己吃死。这种情况经常发生在植被被雪掩埋，幸存者只能依靠兔子作为食物的时候。
Rabbits can provide the easiest of meals but their flesh lacks fat and vitamins essential to man. The Hudson Bay Company recorded cases of trappers dying of starvation although eating well on an easily available diet of rabbit. The body uses its own vitamins and minerals to digest the rabbit and these are then passed out in the faeces. If they are not replaced, weakness and other symptoms of vitamin deficiency appear. If more rabbit is eaten, the condition becomes worse. Trappers literally ate themselves to death when eating vegetation would have ensured their survival. This situation often occurs when vegetation has been buried by snow and survivors rely on rabbits for food.
SAS生存手册在讨论兔子饥饿时强调
兔子可以提供最简单的一餐，但它们的肉缺乏脂肪和人体必需的维生素。哈德逊湾公司记录了捕兽者因饥饿而死的案例。
尽管捕兽者吃得很好，很容易捕捉到兔子。但人体会利用自身的维生素和矿物质来消化兔子，然后这些维生素和矿物质就会随着粪便排出体外。如果不摄入维生素和矿物质，人体就会出现虚弱和其他维生素缺乏的症状。
如果吃的兔子越多，情况就会变得越糟。除非找到可以维持生存的植物，否则捕兽者真的会把自己吃死。这种情况经常发生在植被被雪掩埋，幸存者只能依靠兔子作为食物的时候。
arctic explorer Vilhjalmur Stefansson, who wrote in Not by Bread Alone in 1946:
The groups that depend on the blubber animals are the most fortunate in the hunting way of life, for they never suffer from fat-hunger. This trouble is worst, so far as North America is concerned, among those forest Indians who depend at times on rabbits, the leanest animal in the North, and who develop the extreme fat-hunger known as rabbit-starvation. Rabbit eaters, if they have no fat from another source—beaver, moose, fish—will develop diarrhea in about a week, with headache, lassitude and vague discomfort. If there are enough rabbits, the people eat till their stomachs are distended; but no matter how much they eat they feel unsatisfied.
北极探险家斯蒂芬森，1946年在一本书中写道:
依靠鲸脂生存的狩猎群体是最幸运的，因为他们从不遭受缺乏脂肪的困扰。
就北美印第安人而言，缺乏摄入脂肪是最严重的问题，那些在森林里的印第安人中，有时依靠捕猎兔子为生，而兔子是北方最瘦的动物。吃兔子的人，如果他们没有其他的脂肪摄入——如海狸、驼鹿、鱼——那么在大约一周内就会出现腹泻，头痛、疲倦和不舒服。
如果吃了太多的兔子，人们即使吃到肚子胀起来，却仍然觉得不满足。
The groups that depend on the blubber animals are the most fortunate in the hunting way of life, for they never suffer from fat-hunger. This trouble is worst, so far as North America is concerned, among those forest Indians who depend at times on rabbits, the leanest animal in the North, and who develop the extreme fat-hunger known as rabbit-starvation. Rabbit eaters, if they have no fat from another source—beaver, moose, fish—will develop diarrhea in about a week, with headache, lassitude and vague discomfort. If there are enough rabbits, the people eat till their stomachs are distended; but no matter how much they eat they feel unsatisfied.
北极探险家斯蒂芬森，1946年在一本书中写道:
依靠鲸脂生存的狩猎群体是最幸运的，因为他们从不遭受缺乏脂肪的困扰。
就北美印第安人而言，缺乏摄入脂肪是最严重的问题，那些在森林里的印第安人中，有时依靠捕猎兔子为生，而兔子是北方最瘦的动物。吃兔子的人，如果他们没有其他的脂肪摄入——如海狸、驼鹿、鱼——那么在大约一周内就会出现腹泻，头痛、疲倦和不舒服。
如果吃了太多的兔子，人们即使吃到肚子胀起来，却仍然觉得不满足。
Stefansson lived for years with the Inuit people, admiring their good health and becoming an early proponent of a carnivore diet. Eating nothing but meat and fat was considered barbaric at the time, so Stefansson submitted himself to a year-long study in 1928
At one point, Stefansson intentionally put himself into rabbit starvation, but recovered quickly once he started eating fat again:
Explorer and author Farley Mowat experienced rabbit starvation while living among the Ilhalmiut people of Canada. He was cured when his guide had him drink lard.
斯蒂芬森与因纽特人生活多年，羡慕因纽特人的健康，并成为健康肉食的支持者。在当时，只吃肉类和脂肪被认为是野蛮的行为，所以1928年，斯蒂芬森接受了一项为期一年的研究，
在某一时刻，斯蒂芬森故意让自己患上兔子饥饿症，但当他再次开始吃脂肪时，他很快就恢复了。
探险家兼作家法利·莫厄特与加拿大伊尔哈米特人一起生活时，患上了兔子饥饿症。当他的向导让他喝猪油后，他的病就好了。
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At one point, Stefansson intentionally put himself into rabbit starvation, but recovered quickly once he started eating fat again:
Explorer and author Farley Mowat experienced rabbit starvation while living among the Ilhalmiut people of Canada. He was cured when his guide had him drink lard.
斯蒂芬森与因纽特人生活多年，羡慕因纽特人的健康，并成为健康肉食的支持者。在当时，只吃肉类和脂肪被认为是野蛮的行为，所以1928年，斯蒂芬森接受了一项为期一年的研究，
在某一时刻，斯蒂芬森故意让自己患上兔子饥饿症，但当他再次开始吃脂肪时，他很快就恢复了。
探险家兼作家法利·莫厄特与加拿大伊尔哈米特人一起生活时，患上了兔子饥饿症。当他的向导让他喝猪油后，他的病就好了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
A possible case of rabbit starvation occurred in the case of Chris McCandless, subject of the book Into the Wild, who was found dead in the wilds of Alaska in 1992. Author Jon Krakauer speculated in the book that McCandless was a victim of protein poisoning.
1992年，《走进荒野》一书的主人公克里斯·麦克肯多斯被发现死于阿拉斯加的荒野中，这可能是死于兔子饥饿症的一个例子。作者Jon Krakauer在书中推测麦克肯多斯是蛋白质中毒的受害者。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
1992年，《走进荒野》一书的主人公克里斯·麦克肯多斯被发现死于阿拉斯加的荒野中，这可能是死于兔子饥饿症的一个例子。作者Jon Krakauer在书中推测麦克肯多斯是蛋白质中毒的受害者。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
ketogenic diets have been all the rage for years, because when you cut carbs out of your diet, your body burns fat at a high rate. I lost 50 pounds in a summer on keto. And there aren’t a lot of carbs in the wild, so it wouldn’t be a surprise to lose a great deal of weight on a wildcraft diet, even if you were getting enough fat.
Other causes of diarrhea could be bacteria or parasites. In other words, you go to a strange place where you aren’t adapted to the local microfauna and you get the squirts.
生酮饮食多年来一直风靡一时，当你在饮食中减少碳水化合物时，你的身体会以很高的速度燃烧脂肪。我坚持生酮饮食一个夏天就瘦了50磅。
而在野外，因为没有太多的碳水化合物摄入，所以即使你获得了足够的脂肪，你也会丢失大量的体重。
当然了，腹泻也不一定是蛋白质中毒，有可能是细菌或寄生虫等其他原因。换句话说，你去了一个陌生的地方，如果你不适应当地的微生物环境，你就会腹泻。
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Other causes of diarrhea could be bacteria or parasites. In other words, you go to a strange place where you aren’t adapted to the local microfauna and you get the squirts.
生酮饮食多年来一直风靡一时，当你在饮食中减少碳水化合物时，你的身体会以很高的速度燃烧脂肪。我坚持生酮饮食一个夏天就瘦了50磅。
而在野外，因为没有太多的碳水化合物摄入，所以即使你获得了足够的脂肪，你也会丢失大量的体重。
当然了，腹泻也不一定是蛋白质中毒，有可能是细菌或寄生虫等其他原因。换句话说，你去了一个陌生的地方，如果你不适应当地的微生物环境，你就会腹泻。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Based on anecdotes and tradition, the key really seems to be fat intake. Contrary to decades of faulty marketing and dietary advice, you need fat in your diet, as indicated by both tradition and contemporary science. And that’s especially true in survival situations.
When stocking your survival pantry, think about shelf-stable fats like:
Cheese
Coconut milk
Coconut oil
Ghee
Lard
Olive oil
Peanut butter
Sardines in oil
Tuna in oil
Vegetable oil
但无论如何，根据轶事和传统教训，让我们明白维持脂肪摄入是人体健康的关键。
与几十年来错误的市场营销和饮食建议相反，传统和现代科学都表明，你的饮食中需要脂肪。在严酷的生存环境中尤其如此。
当你储存生存食品时，优先考虑那些耐储存的脂肪，比如:
奶酪
椰奶
椰子油
酥油
猪油
橄榄油
花生酱
沙丁鱼罐头
金枪鱼罐头
植物油
When stocking your survival pantry, think about shelf-stable fats like:
Cheese
Coconut milk
Coconut oil
Ghee
Lard
Olive oil
Peanut butter
Sardines in oil
Tuna in oil
Vegetable oil
但无论如何，根据轶事和传统教训，让我们明白维持脂肪摄入是人体健康的关键。
与几十年来错误的市场营销和饮食建议相反，传统和现代科学都表明，你的饮食中需要脂肪。在严酷的生存环境中尤其如此。
当你储存生存食品时，优先考虑那些耐储存的脂肪，比如:
奶酪
椰奶
椰子油
酥油
猪油
橄榄油
花生酱
沙丁鱼罐头
金枪鱼罐头
植物油
Many rabbit breeders doubt that you would suffer rabbit starvation when eating domestic rabbits. Being a rabbit breeder myself, I can tell you from experience that rabbits get fat from commercial rabbit food all too easily. Domestic rabbit is comparable to chicken, with slightly less fat and slightly more protein.
The guy in the video below ate nothing but rabbit for two weeks with no ill effects. He claims to have “debunked” rabbit starvation, but that isn’t true, since there are so many documented cases of it. But it does demonstrate that rabbit starvation only kicks in under extreme circumstances.
许多养兔子的人认为只吃家兔不会饿死。作为一个兔子饲养者，我可以告诉你，从经验来看，家养的兔子很容易通过兔粮产出脂肪，所以不会使人得兔子饥饿症。但是兔肉与鸡肉相似，产出的脂肪很少。
有一个人发视频连续两周只吃兔子，没有任何不良反应。他声称已经“揭穿”了兔子饥饿症的谎言。但这并不足以推翻上述结论，因为有很多记录在案的真实案例。在极端环境下，只吃野生兔子才会出现兔子饥饿症。
The guy in the video below ate nothing but rabbit for two weeks with no ill effects. He claims to have “debunked” rabbit starvation, but that isn’t true, since there are so many documented cases of it. But it does demonstrate that rabbit starvation only kicks in under extreme circumstances.
许多养兔子的人认为只吃家兔不会饿死。作为一个兔子饲养者，我可以告诉你，从经验来看，家养的兔子很容易通过兔粮产出脂肪，所以不会使人得兔子饥饿症。但是兔肉与鸡肉相似，产出的脂肪很少。
有一个人发视频连续两周只吃兔子，没有任何不良反应。他声称已经“揭穿”了兔子饥饿症的谎言。但这并不足以推翻上述结论，因为有很多记录在案的真实案例。在极端环境下，只吃野生兔子才会出现兔子饥饿症。
What about if you’re in the wild? One trick is to extract every bit of fat from animals you eat. Boil the bones to extract previous fatty marrow in a broth. Eat the internal organs, like the liver. A good source of fat is brains, which can be up to 60% fat.A zombie saying "More brains!"
An easier source of fat in the wild is nuts, like acorns. To eat acorns, you need to boil them repeatedly to remove the tannins.
如果你身在野外，一个诀窍就是尽量从动物身上摄取每一点脂肪。
比如煮骨头汤，提取里面脂肪骨髓。食用动物内脏，比如肝脏。动物大脑是摄入脂肪的一个很好的来源，它的脂肪含量高达60%。
这就是僵尸为什么也喜欢吃脑花（开个玩笑）
在野外，通过采集坚果可以更容易获得脂肪。比如橡子。但在吃橡子之前，你需要反复煮它，以去除其中的单宁。
An easier source of fat in the wild is nuts, like acorns. To eat acorns, you need to boil them repeatedly to remove the tannins.
如果你身在野外，一个诀窍就是尽量从动物身上摄取每一点脂肪。
比如煮骨头汤，提取里面脂肪骨髓。食用动物内脏，比如肝脏。动物大脑是摄入脂肪的一个很好的来源，它的脂肪含量高达60%。
这就是僵尸为什么也喜欢吃脑花（开个玩笑）
在野外，通过采集坚果可以更容易获得脂肪。比如橡子。但在吃橡子之前，你需要反复煮它，以去除其中的单宁。
评论翻译
pickycheestickeater
In modern society, eating lean is healthy. In the wild, fat is vital and rarer than you think.
在现代社会，吃瘦肉是健康的饮食。但在野外，脂肪比你想象的更重要也更稀有。
In modern society, eating lean is healthy. In the wild, fat is vital and rarer than you think.
在现代社会，吃瘦肉是健康的饮食。但在野外，脂肪比你想象的更重要也更稀有。
nerbovig
Then we broke the food chain and now have infinite access to calories.
现代社会打破了食物链，人类获得了无限的卡路里。
Then we broke the food chain and now have infinite access to calories.
现代社会打破了食物链，人类获得了无限的卡路里。
Angry_Robot
And salt! Electrolytes, baby.
还有盐!电解质,宝贝。
And salt! Electrolytes, baby.
还有盐!电解质,宝贝。
Tahh
I have a rabbit, that bastard eats me out of house and home. And thin as a rail. The thing is a poop machine, that's why it is so lean.
我养了只兔子，那混蛋快把我吃穷了。但仍然瘦得像一根栏杆。这东西是个大便制造机，所以才这么瘦。
I have a rabbit, that bastard eats me out of house and home. And thin as a rail. The thing is a poop machine, that's why it is so lean.
我养了只兔子，那混蛋快把我吃穷了。但仍然瘦得像一根栏杆。这东西是个大便制造机，所以才这么瘦。
MagicMarmots
Gotta eat the brain, eyes, and liver to survive on just rabbit. Source: Les Stroud.
只靠吃兔子也能活下来，但你得吃掉它的大脑，眼睛和肝脏
Gotta eat the brain, eyes, and liver to survive on just rabbit. Source: Les Stroud.
只靠吃兔子也能活下来，但你得吃掉它的大脑，眼睛和肝脏
ShiraCheshire
Also a bad idea. Mad cow disease
这也是个坏主意。朊病毒
Also a bad idea. Mad cow disease
这也是个坏主意。朊病毒
Gingrpenguin
Not sure about rabbits but generally aslong as the rabbit hasnt eaten another rabbits brain its own brain should be ok.
Mad cow disease was because we fed cows cows (including the brains) and that passed to humans.
兔子我不确定，但一般来说，只要兔子没有吃其他兔子的大脑，那么这个兔子的大脑应该是可以食用的。
疯牛病是因为我们给牛吃了掺有牛杂碎的饲料(包括牛的大脑)，所以将朊病毒传染给了人类。
Not sure about rabbits but generally aslong as the rabbit hasnt eaten another rabbits brain its own brain should be ok.
Mad cow disease was because we fed cows cows (including the brains) and that passed to humans.
兔子我不确定，但一般来说，只要兔子没有吃其他兔子的大脑，那么这个兔子的大脑应该是可以食用的。
疯牛病是因为我们给牛吃了掺有牛杂碎的饲料(包括牛的大脑)，所以将朊病毒传染给了人类。
Mortalytas
Never eat a rabbit with a spotted liver, it has tularemia.
千万不要吃肝脏有斑点的兔子，它有兔热症。
Never eat a rabbit with a spotted liver, it has tularemia.
千万不要吃肝脏有斑点的兔子，它有兔热症。
wufnu
Visited friends for their wedding in ChengDu. The guy's parents wanted to get us something really nice to eat after arrival so they got some roasted rabbit heads. I always hated when someone wanted to be super hospitable so they paid large amounts of money for "fancy food"; almost always horrific.
Anyway, I tried to eat the brain (the part they said was best). It was like eating flavorless butter. Guessing that's what straight up cholesterol tastes like.
Btw, best part was the tongue. In case you were curious.
去成都参加朋友的婚礼。朋友的父母想给我们准备些好吃的，所以他们准备了烤兔头。我一直讨厌那些想要表现得超级好客的人，因为他们会花很多钱买所谓的“高档食物”;对我来说这些“高档食物”总是很可怕。
总之，我试着尝了兔脑(他们说这是最好吃的部分)。就像吃无味的黄油。我猜这就是纯胆固醇的味道吧。
如果你们好奇的话。顺便说一下，最好吃的部分其实是兔舌。
Visited friends for their wedding in ChengDu. The guy's parents wanted to get us something really nice to eat after arrival so they got some roasted rabbit heads. I always hated when someone wanted to be super hospitable so they paid large amounts of money for "fancy food"; almost always horrific.
Anyway, I tried to eat the brain (the part they said was best). It was like eating flavorless butter. Guessing that's what straight up cholesterol tastes like.
Btw, best part was the tongue. In case you were curious.
去成都参加朋友的婚礼。朋友的父母想给我们准备些好吃的，所以他们准备了烤兔头。我一直讨厌那些想要表现得超级好客的人，因为他们会花很多钱买所谓的“高档食物”;对我来说这些“高档食物”总是很可怕。
总之，我试着尝了兔脑(他们说这是最好吃的部分)。就像吃无味的黄油。我猜这就是纯胆固醇的味道吧。
如果你们好奇的话。顺便说一下，最好吃的部分其实是兔舌。
SheeEttin
You shouldn't eat the brains of any animal. Deer have a wasting disease that hasn't made it to humans, yet. Mad cow disease is similar.
你不应该吃任何动物的大脑。鹿会得一种狂鹿症，但尚未感染到人类。疯牛病也是如此。
You shouldn't eat the brains of any animal. Deer have a wasting disease that hasn't made it to humans, yet. Mad cow disease is similar.
你不应该吃任何动物的大脑。鹿会得一种狂鹿症，但尚未感染到人类。疯牛病也是如此。
flamespear
Deer wasting disease likely has made it to humans. It just takes a long time to detect because of the nature of prion diseases.
But anyway in a starvation situation you're better off eating the brains than worrying about wasting disease because you're going to die anyway if you don't.
狂鹿症可能已经感染到了人类。因为朊病毒的性质，它需要很长时间才会发病。
但不管怎样，在饥饿的情况下，你最好吃掉大脑，而不是担心疾病。因为如果你不吃，无论如何你都会死。
Deer wasting disease likely has made it to humans. It just takes a long time to detect because of the nature of prion diseases.
But anyway in a starvation situation you're better off eating the brains than worrying about wasting disease because you're going to die anyway if you don't.
狂鹿症可能已经感染到了人类。因为朊病毒的性质，它需要很长时间才会发病。
但不管怎样，在饥饿的情况下，你最好吃掉大脑，而不是担心疾病。因为如果你不吃，无论如何你都会死。
reverblueflame
Prions can live in the brain of any animal, will silently stay in the body for up to 15-20 years before killing with no cure. Prions are just misfolded proteins and only denature at high temperatures (won't break down in compost), so if they get on salad and you eat it, you're dead.
朊病毒可以生活在任何动物的大脑中，会在体内默默地停留长达15-20年，直到杀死宿主。朊病毒只是错误折叠的蛋白质，只有在高温下才会变性(不会在堆肥中分解)，所以如果它们出现在沙拉上，而你吃了它，你就可能会死。
Prions can live in the brain of any animal, will silently stay in the body for up to 15-20 years before killing with no cure. Prions are just misfolded proteins and only denature at high temperatures (won't break down in compost), so if they get on salad and you eat it, you're dead.
朊病毒可以生活在任何动物的大脑中，会在体内默默地停留长达15-20年，直到杀死宿主。朊病毒只是错误折叠的蛋白质，只有在高温下才会变性(不会在堆肥中分解)，所以如果它们出现在沙拉上，而你吃了它，你就可能会死。
BelmontIncident
This is one of the things that make starving in a group so terrible. By the time people eat their own dead, there's not enough fat on people who starved to help much.
这就是群体性饥荒如此可怕的原因之一。当人们吃掉饿死者的尸体时，那些尸体本身已经没有足够的脂肪来提供帮助了。
This is one of the things that make starving in a group so terrible. By the time people eat their own dead, there's not enough fat on people who starved to help much.
这就是群体性饥荒如此可怕的原因之一。当人们吃掉饿死者的尸体时，那些尸体本身已经没有足够的脂肪来提供帮助了。
Justice-Gorsuch
if your group ever become stranded or lost in the wild, kill the fattest member of the group within the first 30 minutes to ensure this doesn’t happen to you.
所以如果你的团队在野外受困或迷路了，在30分钟内杀死团队中最胖的成员，以确保这种情况不会发生在你身上。
if your group ever become stranded or lost in the wild, kill the fattest member of the group within the first 30 minutes to ensure this doesn’t happen to you.
所以如果你的团队在野外受困或迷路了，在30分钟内杀死团队中最胖的成员，以确保这种情况不会发生在你身上。
IDontReadMyMail
Biologist here, it is not a lack of fat that is the issue but rather a flat limit on how much protein can be metabolized per day for fuel. What this means is that adding carbs will solve the issue just as well as adding fats will. Carbs get dismissed a lot these days but actually complex carbs are a perfectly viable fuel source, and it turns out a lot of native peoples evaded protein starvation via a dietary combination of lean meat with high-carb tubers/roots/corms. Obviously fat too is very useful - not arguing against fat - and some fat is essential in the diet due to the need for certain essential fatty acids.
Anyway, what is actually happening in protein starvation is not lack of fat per se but rather built up of ammonia from the protein. It turns out there’s a ceiling on how many of your calories can come from protein, because when you are burning protein for fuel, the amine groups (-NH2) of the amino acids have to be removed and discarded, and those amine groups need to be converted to urea for excretion. There is a thing called Maximum Urea Conversion Rate - how fast the liver can convert amine groups to urea - and that’s what caps how many of your calories can come from protein. It’s sometimes called the “protein ceiling”. Above that limit, the amine groups start ending up as ammonia rather than urea, and so what is really going on in protein starvation is ammonia toxicity. Ammonia starts building up in the blood and that’s what causes the classic symptoms of diarrhea, confusion, tremors, etc. The protein ceiling is not a percentage of calories, BTW, some of the same symptoms occur in liver disease, because the urea conversion rate starts dropping.
Anyway, extra calories beyond that protein limit need to come from either fat or carbs.
我是生物学家，问题不在于缺乏脂肪，而在于每天能代谢多少蛋白质产生能量。摄入碳水化合物和摄入脂肪一样可以解决这个问题。
如今，人们对碳水化合物比较嫌弃，但实际上，碳水化合物一直是人体完美的能量来源，事实证明，许多土著居民通过瘦肉+高碳水化合物（植物块茎/根/球茎）的饮食组合，避免了蛋白质饥饿症。当然，脂肪也很有用——不要对脂肪充满偏见——一些脂肪在饮食中是必需的，因为人体需要某些必需的脂肪酸。
总之，蛋白质饥饿症并不是缺乏脂肪，而是摄入的蛋白质产生了过多的氨。
事实证明，人体从蛋白质中获得的热量是有上限的，当你燃烧蛋白质作为能量时，氨基酸中的胺基(-NH2)必须被去丢弃，而这些胺基(-NH2)需要转化为尿素排泄出去。
但肝脏将胺基转化为尿素的速度是有限的——这就是你从蛋白质中获取热量的上限。这种转化速度有时被称为“蛋白质天花板”。超过转化限度，多余的胺基就开始变成氨而不是尿素，所以蛋白质饥饿症的真正原因是氨中毒。当氨开始在血液中积聚，就会导致腹泻、神志不清、颤抖等典型症状。
顺便说一下，肝脏疾病也会出现一些相同的症状，因为肝脏疾病会导致尿素转化率开始下降。
无论如何，额外的热量需要靠脂肪或碳水化合物提供。
Biologist here, it is not a lack of fat that is the issue but rather a flat limit on how much protein can be metabolized per day for fuel. What this means is that adding carbs will solve the issue just as well as adding fats will. Carbs get dismissed a lot these days but actually complex carbs are a perfectly viable fuel source, and it turns out a lot of native peoples evaded protein starvation via a dietary combination of lean meat with high-carb tubers/roots/corms. Obviously fat too is very useful - not arguing against fat - and some fat is essential in the diet due to the need for certain essential fatty acids.
Anyway, what is actually happening in protein starvation is not lack of fat per se but rather built up of ammonia from the protein. It turns out there’s a ceiling on how many of your calories can come from protein, because when you are burning protein for fuel, the amine groups (-NH2) of the amino acids have to be removed and discarded, and those amine groups need to be converted to urea for excretion. There is a thing called Maximum Urea Conversion Rate - how fast the liver can convert amine groups to urea - and that’s what caps how many of your calories can come from protein. It’s sometimes called the “protein ceiling”. Above that limit, the amine groups start ending up as ammonia rather than urea, and so what is really going on in protein starvation is ammonia toxicity. Ammonia starts building up in the blood and that’s what causes the classic symptoms of diarrhea, confusion, tremors, etc. The protein ceiling is not a percentage of calories, BTW, some of the same symptoms occur in liver disease, because the urea conversion rate starts dropping.
Anyway, extra calories beyond that protein limit need to come from either fat or carbs.
我是生物学家，问题不在于缺乏脂肪，而在于每天能代谢多少蛋白质产生能量。摄入碳水化合物和摄入脂肪一样可以解决这个问题。
如今，人们对碳水化合物比较嫌弃，但实际上，碳水化合物一直是人体完美的能量来源，事实证明，许多土著居民通过瘦肉+高碳水化合物（植物块茎/根/球茎）的饮食组合，避免了蛋白质饥饿症。当然，脂肪也很有用——不要对脂肪充满偏见——一些脂肪在饮食中是必需的，因为人体需要某些必需的脂肪酸。
总之，蛋白质饥饿症并不是缺乏脂肪，而是摄入的蛋白质产生了过多的氨。
事实证明，人体从蛋白质中获得的热量是有上限的，当你燃烧蛋白质作为能量时，氨基酸中的胺基(-NH2)必须被去丢弃，而这些胺基(-NH2)需要转化为尿素排泄出去。
但肝脏将胺基转化为尿素的速度是有限的——这就是你从蛋白质中获取热量的上限。这种转化速度有时被称为“蛋白质天花板”。超过转化限度，多余的胺基就开始变成氨而不是尿素，所以蛋白质饥饿症的真正原因是氨中毒。当氨开始在血液中积聚，就会导致腹泻、神志不清、颤抖等典型症状。
顺便说一下，肝脏疾病也会出现一些相同的症状，因为肝脏疾病会导致尿素转化率开始下降。
无论如何，额外的热量需要靠脂肪或碳水化合物提供。
DAAAAAAAAAAAAAAANG
Beaver trappers used to combat this by roasting and eating beaver tail as its almost pure fat.
捕海狸的人过去常常把海狸的尾巴烤着吃，因为海狸的尾巴几乎都是脂肪。
Beaver trappers used to combat this by roasting and eating beaver tail as its almost pure fat.
捕海狸的人过去常常把海狸的尾巴烤着吃，因为海狸的尾巴几乎都是脂肪。
redkalm
In theory if you could catch fatty animals, you could live just fine off of only them.
从理论上说，只要你能抓住肥胖的动物，你就可以只靠它们活下去。
In theory if you could catch fatty animals, you could live just fine off of only them.
从理论上说，只要你能抓住肥胖的动物，你就可以只靠它们活下去。
positive_contact_
Where would you get vitamin c?
你从哪里补充维生素c?
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Where would you get vitamin c?
你从哪里补充维生素c?
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
redkalm
good question, I searched and found this:
"sufficient amounts of vitamin C can be acquired from raw liver, fish roe and eggs. Lower amounts are also present in raw meat and fish"
问得好，我搜索了一下，发现了这个:
“我们可以从生肝脏、鱼子和鱼卵中获得足够的维生素C。生肉和鱼中也含有较低的维生素c"
good question, I searched and found this:
"sufficient amounts of vitamin C can be acquired from raw liver, fish roe and eggs. Lower amounts are also present in raw meat and fish"
问得好，我搜索了一下，发现了这个:
“我们可以从生肝脏、鱼子和鱼卵中获得足够的维生素C。生肉和鱼中也含有较低的维生素c"
WangnanJahad
This is why you supplement you diet with other foods.
Fish like trout, salmon and mackeral are a good source of fat.
Various wild nuts, such as acorns, are very high in fat, though acorns do take a lot to process in order to be edible.
Always have a variety of foods, if you can, while trying to survive. Don't rely on a single source. Collect roots and tubers, collect nuts and berrys, trap and fish for variety of meats. I know it's easier said than done, but do it anyway.
这就是为什么你要用其他食物来补充你的饮食。
像鳟鱼、鲑鱼和鲭鱼这样的鱼都是很好的脂肪来源。
各种各样的野生坚果，如橡子，脂肪含量非常高，尽管食用橡子需要很多加工程序。
在生存的同时，如果可以的话，尽量吃各种各样的食物。不要依赖单一的来源。收集植物根和块茎，收集坚果和浆果，鱼类等各种肉类。我知道说起来容易做起来难，但不管怎样还是要尽量去做。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
This is why you supplement you diet with other foods.
Fish like trout, salmon and mackeral are a good source of fat.
Various wild nuts, such as acorns, are very high in fat, though acorns do take a lot to process in order to be edible.
Always have a variety of foods, if you can, while trying to survive. Don't rely on a single source. Collect roots and tubers, collect nuts and berrys, trap and fish for variety of meats. I know it's easier said than done, but do it anyway.
这就是为什么你要用其他食物来补充你的饮食。
像鳟鱼、鲑鱼和鲭鱼这样的鱼都是很好的脂肪来源。
各种各样的野生坚果，如橡子，脂肪含量非常高，尽管食用橡子需要很多加工程序。
在生存的同时，如果可以的话，尽量吃各种各样的食物。不要依赖单一的来源。收集植物根和块茎，收集坚果和浆果，鱼类等各种肉类。我知道说起来容易做起来难，但不管怎样还是要尽量去做。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
GolgiApparatus1
Out of the three macronutrients, fat is by far the most vital. You can live forever without carbs, a long while without protein, but not very long without fat.
在三种营养物中，脂肪是最重要的。你可以永远不吃碳水化合物，可以长时间不吃蛋白质，但不吃脂肪就活不了多久。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Out of the three macronutrients, fat is by far the most vital. You can live forever without carbs, a long while without protein, but not very long without fat.
在三种营养物中，脂肪是最重要的。你可以永远不吃碳水化合物，可以长时间不吃蛋白质，但不吃脂肪就活不了多久。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
wingjet8888
My mom was a young girl in Germany during WW2. They raised rabits for food. They would eat from the local butcher shop and make soup or gravey with it. When I was growing up in the USA, mom would tells use to make sure we ate the fat off what ever meat we were having for dinner..
我妈妈是二战期间的一个德国小女孩。虽然他们养兔子当食物。但他们还是会在当地的肉店购买肉类和脂肪，然后做汤或肉汁。当我在美国长大的时候，妈妈会告诉我们，无论晚餐吃什么肉，一定要吃掉脂肪。
My mom was a young girl in Germany during WW2. They raised rabits for food. They would eat from the local butcher shop and make soup or gravey with it. When I was growing up in the USA, mom would tells use to make sure we ate the fat off what ever meat we were having for dinner..
我妈妈是二战期间的一个德国小女孩。虽然他们养兔子当食物。但他们还是会在当地的肉店购买肉类和脂肪，然后做汤或肉汁。当我在美国长大的时候，妈妈会告诉我们，无论晚餐吃什么肉，一定要吃掉脂肪。
Karissa36
The traditional Eskimo diet is over 90 percent fat and protein, from fishing and hunting. So they are already eating almost exclusively what they catch or hunt. The problem appears when larger prey with more fat is not available for whatever reason.
传统的爱斯基摩人饮食中，脂肪和蛋白质占比超过90%，这些脂肪和蛋白质来自捕鱼和狩猎。他们几乎只吃自己捕获或狩猎的食物。当由于某种原因找不到有更多脂肪的大型猎物时，问题就出现了。
The traditional Eskimo diet is over 90 percent fat and protein, from fishing and hunting. So they are already eating almost exclusively what they catch or hunt. The problem appears when larger prey with more fat is not available for whatever reason.
传统的爱斯基摩人饮食中，脂肪和蛋白质占比超过90%，这些脂肪和蛋白质来自捕鱼和狩猎。他们几乎只吃自己捕获或狩猎的食物。当由于某种原因找不到有更多脂肪的大型猎物时，问题就出现了。
Oudeis16
Wish my dietician had told me this sooner. I went on a diet and was occasionally feeling faint and tried to get her to help me figure out what I was doing wrong. She just assumed I was lying and that I was trying to get her permission to eat more, period. finally look at my actual log of food I was eating. She was like... this is way too much protein. If you eat this you'll faint. NO SHIT! So I swapped in some carbs and choked them down, and like magic I started feeling better
要是我的营养师早点告诉我就好了。我之前在节食，偶尔感到头晕，试图让她帮我找出我做错了什么。她以为我在撒谎，以为我是想让她允许我多吃点东西。在我的多次反馈下，她终于看了我的食物记录了。她立刻说我摄入了太多的蛋白质。她说：如果你继续吃下去，你会晕倒。不是开玩笑!所以我换了些碳水化合物把它们咽下去，就像变魔术一样，我顿时感觉好多了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Wish my dietician had told me this sooner. I went on a diet and was occasionally feeling faint and tried to get her to help me figure out what I was doing wrong. She just assumed I was lying and that I was trying to get her permission to eat more, period. finally look at my actual log of food I was eating. She was like... this is way too much protein. If you eat this you'll faint. NO SHIT! So I swapped in some carbs and choked them down, and like magic I started feeling better
要是我的营养师早点告诉我就好了。我之前在节食，偶尔感到头晕，试图让她帮我找出我做错了什么。她以为我在撒谎，以为我是想让她允许我多吃点东西。在我的多次反馈下，她终于看了我的食物记录了。她立刻说我摄入了太多的蛋白质。她说：如果你继续吃下去，你会晕倒。不是开玩笑!所以我换了些碳水化合物把它们咽下去，就像变魔术一样，我顿时感觉好多了。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
BombBombBombBombBomb
Similar with just eating chicken breast etc
Its great for weight loss in the shorter term though
就像只吃鸡胸肉一样
短期来看，它对减肥的效果很好
Similar with just eating chicken breast etc
Its great for weight loss in the shorter term though
就像只吃鸡胸肉一样
短期来看，它对减肥的效果很好
paolarb
Wow well, learned a lot from this post , rabbit fever , cannibalism. I’m ready for the next adventure !!
哇，好吧，从这个帖子中学到了很多，兔热病，食人。我准备好迎接下一个冒险了!!
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Wow well, learned a lot from this post , rabbit fever , cannibalism. I’m ready for the next adventure !!
哇，好吧，从这个帖子中学到了很多，兔热病，食人。我准备好迎接下一个冒险了!!
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
newanonthrowaway
my grandma. She loved rabbit, a local restaurant had a rabbit fry once a month andthe whole family would go.
我的奶奶。她很喜欢吃兔肉，每个月会在当地一家餐馆吃一次兔肉薯条，全家都会去。
my grandma. She loved rabbit, a local restaurant had a rabbit fry once a month andthe whole family would go.
我的奶奶。她很喜欢吃兔肉，每个月会在当地一家餐馆吃一次兔肉薯条，全家都会去。
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